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University of Chicago · Physics
Active 1990–2023
Juan I. Collar is a professor in the Department of Physics at The University of Chicago, affiliated with the Enrico Fermi Institute, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, and the College. His research focuses on detector development for Dark Matter and neutrino physics. He is involved in advancing experimental physics related to these fundamental areas, contributing to the understanding of dark matter and neutrino phenomena through innovative detector technologies.
Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering at the European Spallation Source
Journal of High Energy Physics · 2022 · 87 citations
The European Spallation Source (ESS), presently well on its way to completion, will soon provide the most intense neutron beams for multi-disciplinary science. Fortuitously, it will also generate the largest pulsed neutrino flux suitable for the detection of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CEνNS), a process recently measured for the first time at ORNL’s Spallation Neutron Source. We describe innovative detector technologies maximally able to profit from the order-of-magnitude increase in neutrino flux provided by the ESS, along with their sensitivity to a rich particle physics phenomenology accessible through high-statistics, precision CEνNS measurements.
Dark matter-electron scattering from aromatic organic targets
Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · 2020 · 78 citations
Sub-GeV dark matter (DM) which interacts with electrons can excite electrons occupying molecular orbitals in a scattering event. In particular, aromatic compounds such as benzene or xylene have an electronic excitation energy of a few eV, making them sensitive to DM as light as a few MeV. These compounds are often used as solvents in organic scintillators, where the deexcitation process leads to a photon which propagates until it is absorbed and reemitted by a dilute fluor. The fluor photoemission is not absorbed by the bulk, but is instead detected by a photon detector such as a photomultiplier tube. We develop the formalism for DM--electron scattering in aromatic organic molecules, calculate the expected rate in p-xylene, and apply this calculation to an existing measurement of the single photo-electron emission rate in a low-background EJ-301 scintillator cell. Despite the fact that this measurement was performed in a shallow underground laboratory under minimal overburden, the DM--electron scattering limits extracted from these data are already approaching leading constraints in the 3--100 MeV DM mass range. We discuss possible next steps in the evolution of this direct detection technique, in which scalable organic scintillators are used in solid or liquid crystal phases and in conjunction with semiconductor photodetectors to improve sensitivity through directional signal information and potentially lower dark rates.
PICO-500: Improving Acoustic Particle Identification in Superheated-Liquid WIMP Detectors
NSF · $573k · 2018–2022
CAREER: New Detectors and Techniques for Astroparticle and Neutrino Physics
NSF · $640k · 2003–2008
Construction of the COUPP-500kg Bubble Chamber for Dark Matter Detection
NSF · $2.5M · 2012–2018
COUPP-250 kg. A Large-Mass Bubble Chamber Search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles
NSF · $288k · 2007–2010
PM: Search for a Cosmologically-Relevant Boson in Antimuon Decay
NSF · $412k · 2022–2025
G. Waysand
Institut des NanoSciences de Paris
D. Limagne
Hôpital Boucicaut
I. Giomataris
CEA Paris-Saclay
H.S. Miley
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
J.A. Villar
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F. T. Avignone
T. Papaevangelou
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova
I.G. Irastorza
Universidad de Zaragoza