Giselle Corbie
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · Social Medicine
Active 2021–2023
About
Giselle Corbie, MD, MSc, is a Kenan Distinguished Professor of Social Medicine and Medicine at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She serves as the Co-Director of the Center for Thriving Communities and the Vice Provost for Faculty Affairs. Dr. Corbie is internationally recognized for her scholarly work on the practical and ethical issues regarding involvement of minorities in research to address racial disparities in health. She has led local, state, and national research and policy efforts to advance health equity, and has developed and conducted research across systems to address the health needs of vulnerable populations with the goal of eliminating health disparities. Dr. Corbie is also known for supporting pre-doctoral, post-doctoral, and junior faculty trainees, and for her ability to convene collaborative, cross-sector teams. She leads programs aimed at helping leaders and teams achieve transformational structural change to promote equity. In 2018, she was elected to the National Academy of Medicine for her groundbreaking contributions toward achieving community and population health equity. She has served on numerous state and national advisory committees and has been the principal investigator of grants funded by prominent institutions including the National Institute of Health, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, and others.
Research topics
- Political Science
- Medicine
- Environmental health
- Computer Security
- Sociology
- Gender studies
- Mathematics
- Gerontology
- Statistics
- Economics
- Demography
- Psychiatry
- Pathology
- Virology
- Marketing
- Demographic economics
- Business
- Law
- Public relations
- Nursing
Selected publications
JAMA Pediatrics · 2023 · 28 citations
- Computer Security
- Political Science
- Medicine
Importance: States in the US have the option to eliminate the asset test and/or increase the income limit for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) eligibility under a policy called broad-based categorical eligibility (BBCE). Given associations of economic hardships, including food insecurity, with child protective services (CPS) involvement, state adoption of these policies may be associated with changes in rates of CPS-investigated reports. Objective: To examine the association of state elimination of the asset test and increases in the income limit for SNAP eligibility under BBCE with rates of CPS-investigated reports. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional ecologic study used data from 2006 to 2019 obtained from the SNAP Policy Database and the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System Child Files and difference-in-differences analyses. The data were analyzed from March to September 2022. The study used CPS-investigated reports for suspected child abuse and neglect from 37 US states to examine elimination of the asset test, from 36 states to examine increases in the income limit, and from 26 states to examine adoption of both policies. Exposures: State elimination of the asset test, increases in the income limit, and adoption of both policies to expand SNAP eligibility. Main Outcomes and Measures: Number of CPS-investigated reports, overall and specifically for neglect and physical abuse, per 1000 child population. Results: From 2006 to 2019 for all 50 states and the District of Columbia, there were a total of 29 213 245 CPS-investigated reports. By race and ethnicity, 19.8% of CPS-investigated reports were among non-Hispanic Black children and 45.7% among non-Hispanic White children (hereafter referred to as Black and White children). On average, there were 8.2 fewer CPS-investigated reports (95% CI, -12.6 to -4.0) per 1000 child population per year in states that eliminated the asset test, 5.0 fewer CPS-investigated reports (95% CI, -10.8 to 0.7) per 1000 child population per year in states that increased the income limit, and 9.3 fewer CPS-investigated reports (95% CI, -15.6 to -3.1) per 1000 child population per year in states that adopted both SNAP policies than there would have been if these states had not adopted these policies. There were decreases in CPS-investigated reports for neglect in states that adopted either or both policies, and small decreases in CPS-investigated reports for physical abuse in states that increased the income limit or adopted both policies. There were decreases in CPS-investigated reports among both Black and White children. For example, there were 6.5 fewer CPS-investigated reports among Black children (95% CI, -14.6 to 1.6) and 8.7 fewer CPS-investigated reports among White children (95% CI, -15.8 to -1.6) in states that adopted both SNAP policies than there would have been if these states had not adopted these policies. Conclusions and Relevance: Results from this cross-sectional study suggest that state expansion of SNAP eligibility through elimination of the asset test and increases in the income limit may contribute to decreases in rates of CPS-investigated reports. These results can inform ongoing debates regarding SNAP policy options, specifically BBCE, and prevention efforts for child abuse and neglect.
Leadership Development to Advance Health Equity: An Equity-Centered Leadership Framework
Academic Medicine · 2022 · 23 citations
- Political Science
- Sociology
- Public relations
Enduring questions about equity are front and center at this watershed moment in health care and public health. Inequities that became evident in the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 have highlighted long-standing disparities in health by race and ethnicity. Current crises require examining and reorienting the systems that have, for decades, produced these health inequities; yet, public health and health care leaders are inadequately prepared to respond. The authors offer an equity-centered leadership framework to support the development of visionary leaders for tomorrow. This framework for leadership development programs interweaves traditional leadership and equity, diversity, and inclusion domains in both conceptual knowledge and skills-based teaching for health care and public health leaders, grouping competencies and skills into 4 domains: personal, interpersonal, organizational, and community and systems. A framework such as this will equip leaders with the mindset and skill set to challenge the paradigms that lead to inequity and health disparities.
New England Journal of Medicine · 2022 · 85 citations
- Sociology
- Political Science
- Public relations
Interview with Dr. L. Ebony Boulware on the importance of racial and ethnic diversification and increased focus on equity in clinical and translational research. (13:19)Download If the clinical and translational research enterprise is to help resolve health crises and ensure that all people in the United States have the opportunity to live healthy lives, it must shift paradigms and begin to center equity, diversity, and inclusion in its work.
Consulting psychology journal · 2022 · 7 citations
- Political Science
- Psychology
- Nursing
American Journal of Public Health · 2022 · 23 citations
1st authorCorresponding- Political Science
- Medicine
- Environmental health
PLoS ONE · 2021 · 63 citations
- Sociology
- Political Science
- Knowledge management
Cross-sector collaboration is needed to address root causes of persistent public health challenges. We conducted a systematic literature review to identify studies describing theories, models, frameworks and principles for cross-sector collaboration and synthesized collaboration constructs into the Consolidated Framework for Collaboration Research (CFCR). Ninety-five articles were included in the review. Constructs were abstracted from articles and grouped into seven domains within the framework: community context; group composition; structure and internal processes; group dynamics; social capital; activities that influence or take place within the collaboration; activities that influence or take place within the broader community; and activities that influence or take place both in the collaboration and in the community. Community engagement strategies employed by collaborations are discussed, as well as recommendations for using systems science methods for testing specific mechanisms of how constructs identified in the review influence one another. Researchers, funders, and collaboration members can use the consolidated framework to articulate components of collaboration and test mechanisms explaining how collaborations function. By working from a consolidated framework of collaboration terms and using systems science methods, researchers can advance evidence for the efficacy of cross-sector collaborations.
Journal of Healthcare Leadership · 2021 · 21 citations
- Computer Science
- Psychology
- Medical education
INTRODUCTION: Since the inception of distance-based teaching modalities, a debate has ensued over the quality of online versus in-person instruction. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a number of teaching environments-including leadership development trainings for post-graduate learners-have been thrust into exploring the virtual learning environment more thoroughly. One three-year leadership development program for interdisciplinary healthcare professionals transitioned three simultaneous leadership intensives from in-person to online in the spring of 2020. METHODS: Documented changes in overall training length, session length, and session format are described. Further, evaluative data were collected from participants at both retreats via post-session surveys. Ninety-three participants attended the 2019 retreat, and 92 participants attended the 2020 virtual retreat. Quantitative data of three rating questions per session are reported: 1) overall session satisfaction, 2) participants' reported knowledge gain, and 3) participants' reported ability gain. Qualitative data were obtained via two open-ended feedback questions per session. RESULTS: In comparing pre/post scores for knowledge and ability, participants had meaningful (and in some cases higher) self-reported gains in knowledge and ability measures in the online environment, as compared to the in-person environment. Participants reported statistically significant gains in all sessions for both knowledge and ability. Qualitative data of participant feedback identified a number of positive themes similar across the in-person and virtual settings. Negative or constructive feedback of the virtual setting included time constraint issues (eg too much content in one session, a desire for more sessions overall), technical difficulties, and the loss of social connection and networking with fellow participants as compared to in-person trainings. DISCUSSION: While meaningful shifts in knowledge and ability ratings indicate that the transition to successful online learning is possible, several disadvantages remain. The preparation time for both faculty and participants was considerable, there is a need to reduce overall content in each session due to time restraints, and participants indicated feeling the loss of one-on-one connections with their peers in the training. Lessons learned of transitioning leadership training from in-person to an online experience are highlighted.
Health disparities and equity in the era of COVID-19
Journal of Clinical and Translational Science · 2021 · 139 citations
- Political Science
- Economic growth
- Political Science
Over the last year, COVID-19 has emerged as a highly transmissible and lethal infection. As we address this global pandemic, its disproportionate impact on Black, Indigenous, and Latinx communities has served to further magnify the health inequities in access and treatment that persist in our communities. These sobering realities should serve as the impetus for reexamination of the root causes of inequities in our health system. An increased commitment to strategic partnerships between academic and nonacademic health systems, industry, local communities, and policy-makers may serve as the foundation. Here, we examine the impact of the recent COVID-19 pandemic on health care inequities and propose a strategic roadmap for integration of clinical and translational research into our understanding of health inequities.
Vaccine Hesitancy Is a Scapegoat for Structural Racism
JAMA Health Forum · 2021 · 166 citations
- Sociology
- Political Science
- Sociology
Vaccine hesitancy and mistrust of medicine and science dominate current discourse around disparities in who is currently receiving COVID-19 vaccines, a potentially lifesaving prevention strategy. 2] The underlying condition of structural racism is a significant contributor
SARS-CoV-2 testing in North Carolina: Racial, ethnic, and geographic disparities
Health & Place · 2021 · 28 citations
- Sociology
- Demography
- Geography
SARS-CoV-2 testing data in North Carolina during the first three months of the state's COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed to determine if there were disparities among intersecting axes of identity including race, Latinx ethnicity, age, urban-rural residence, and residence in a medically underserved area. Demographic and residential data were used to reconstruct patterns of testing metrics (including tests per capita, positive tests per capita, and test positivity rate which is an indicator of sufficient testing) across race-ethnicity groups and urban-rural populations separately. Across the entire sample, 13.1% (38,750 of 295,642) of tests were positive. Within racial-ethnic groups, 11.5% of all tests were positive among non-Latinx (NL) Whites, 22.0% for NL Blacks, and 66.5% for people of Latinx ethnicity. The test positivity rate was higher among people living in rural areas across all racial-ethnic groups. These results suggest that in the first three months of the COVID-19 pandemic, access to COVID-19 testing in North Carolina was not evenly distributed across racial-ethnic groups, especially in Latinx, NL Black and other historically marginalized populations, and further disparities existed within these groups by gender, age, urban-rural status, and residence in a medically underserved area.
Recent grants
NIH · $116.7M · 2020–2025
Frequent coauthors
- 51 shared
Anisha Khanna
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- 50 shared
Mysha Wynn
- 50 shared
Stacy Tessler Lindau
- 50 shared
Brian Ellerby
University of Chicago
- 50 shared
Stephanie Hoover
University of North Carolina Health Care
- 50 shared
Cambray Smith
- 50 shared
Leah Frerichs
- 50 shared
Linda Joyner
Momentum Research
Education
M.S., Clinical Research
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
B.A.
Emory University
M.D.
Cornell University
Awards & honors
- Elected to the National Academy of Medicine (2018)
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