About

Yuan-Shin Lee is a Professor at NC State University in the Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering. His research focuses on areas related to industrial engineering, with an emphasis on systems optimization and operational efficiency. As a faculty member, he contributes to the academic community through teaching, research, and service, supporting the department's mission to advance knowledge and practice in industrial engineering.

Research topics

• Physics
• Computer Science
• Structural engineering
• Acoustics
• Engineering
• Materials science
• Operating system
• Mechanical engineering
• Distributed computing
• Computer network
• Embedded system
• Optoelectronics

Selected publications

• Advanced Neural Probe Sensors toward Multi‐Modal Sensing and Modulation: Design, Integration, and Applications

  UNC Libraries · 2026-04-09

  articleOpen access

  Neural probe devices have undergone significant advancements in recent years, evolving from basic single‐functional devices to sophisticated integrated systems capable of sensing, stimulating, and regulating neural activity. The neural probes have been demonstrated as effective tools for diagnosing and treating numerous neurological disorders, as well as for understanding sophisticated connections and functions of neuron circuits. The multifunctional neural probe platforms, which combine electrical, optical, and chemical sensing capabilities, hold promising potential for revolutionizing personalized healthcare through closed‐loop neuromodulation, particularly in the treatment of conditions such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and depression. Despite these advances, several challenges remain to be further investigated, including biocompatibility, long‐term signal quality and stability, and miniaturization, all of which hinder their broader clinical application. This paper provides an overview of the design principles of the neural probe structures and sensors, fabrication strategies, and integration techniques for the advanced multi‐functional neural probes. Key electrical, optical, and chemical sensing mechanisms are discussed, along with the selection of corresponding functional materials. Additionally, several representative applications are highlighted, followed by a discussion of the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead for this emerging field. This paper reviews the design principles, fabrication strategies, and integration techniques for advanced neural probes, focusing on systems with electrophysiological, optical, and chemical sensing and modulation capabilities. Representative applications of neural probes in treating neurological disorders and their critical role in advancing personalized neurotherapeutic solutions are discussed. Additionally, the challenges and opportunities of this emerging area are also highlighted.

  PublisherDOI

• Design and Fabrication of Flexible Circuits Connected by Plug-and-play Modules

  Computer-Aided Design and Applications · 2025-10-07

  articleOpen access

  Computer-Aided Design and Applications is an international journal on the applications of CAD and CAM. It publishes papers in the general domain of CAD plus in emerging fields like bio-CAD, nano-CAD, soft-CAD, garment-CAD, PLM, PDM, CAD data mining, CAD and the internet, CAD education, genetic algorithms and CAD engines. The journal is aimed at all developers and users of CAD technology to ptovide CAD solutions for various stages of design and manufacturing. The journal publishes all about Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided technologies.

  PublisherDOI

• Investigation of waveform parameters in inkjet printing of PEDOT:PSS ink for flexible electronics fabrication

  Flexible and Printed Electronics · 2025-10-31

  articleOpen access

  Abstract Inkjet printing has emerged as a versatile technique for the fabrication of functional materials towards non-traditional electronics, offering high precision maskless fabrication capability, low material waste, and wide substrate compatibility. However, the realization of high-quality printing of microscale features requires precise control over the jetting behavior and film formation. In this work, we systematically investigate the printing parameters for the PEDOT:PSS ink on the flexible substrates used in wearable and flexible electronics. By exploring the interplay between the printing waveform parameters, such as drive voltage, dwell time, and jetting frequency, we establish a robust operational window enabling stable droplet ejection and tunable deposition. Droplet spacing is further studied to achieve reliable droplet coalescence for high quality fabrication of the continuous patterns with high line resolution and pattern uniformity. Multilayer printing reveals consistent improvements in film thickness and electrical conductivity, with a pronounced enhancement in early layers due to percolation and phase rearrangement. The achieved printing strategy is successfully applied in functional circuit demonstrations, showing excellent electrical stability under mechanical deformation. This work offers a reproducible and scalable printing approach tailored to the PEDOT:PSS inks, providing a technical foundation for the fabrication of high-performance flexible and printed electronics.

  PublisherDOI

• Dual‐Gate Organic Electrochemical Transistors Based on Laser‐Scribed Graphene for Detecting Dopamine and Glutamate

  Advanced Materials Technologies · 2025-01-22 · 3 citations

  articleOpen access

  Abstract Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are gaining significant attention due to their high sensitivity, customizability, ease of integration, and low‐cost manufacturing. In this paper, we design and develop a flexible dual‐gate OECT based on laser‐scribed graphene (LSG) with modified OECT gates for the detection of dopamine and glutamate, two critical neurotransmitters (NTs). The developed OECTs are fully carbon‐based and environmentally friendly. By modifying the gates of OECTs with biopolymer chitosan and L‐Glutamate oxidase enzyme, highly selective and sensitive measurements are successfully achieved with detection limits of 5 n m for dopamine and 1 µ m for glutamate, respectively. The modified dual‐gate shows no interference between the detections of two neurotransmitters, making it a promising tool for customized multi‐neurotransmitter analysis. The results demonstrate the potential of LSG‐based OECTs in customizable biosensing applications, offering a flexible, cost‐effective platform for biomedical disorder diagnostics.

  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• Design and Fabrication of Flexible Circuits Connected by Plug-and-Play Modules

  2025-05-09

  article
  PublisherDOI

• Advanced Neural Probe Sensors toward Multi‐Modal Sensing and Modulation: Design, Integration, and Applications

  Advanced Sensor Research · 2024-12-16 · 9 citations

  articleOpen access

  Abstract Neural probe devices have undergone significant advancements in recent years, evolving from basic single‐functional devices to sophisticated integrated systems capable of sensing, stimulating, and regulating neural activity. The neural probes have been demonstrated as effective tools for diagnosing and treating numerous neurological disorders, as well as for understanding sophisticated connections and functions of neuron circuits. The multifunctional neural probe platforms, which combine electrical, optical, and chemical sensing capabilities, hold promising potential for revolutionizing personalized healthcare through closed‐loop neuromodulation, particularly in the treatment of conditions such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and depression. Despite these advances, several challenges remain to be further investigated, including biocompatibility, long‐term signal quality and stability, and miniaturization, all of which hinder their broader clinical application. This paper provides an overview of the design principles of the neural probe structures and sensors, fabrication strategies, and integration techniques for the advanced multi‐functional neural probes. Key electrical, optical, and chemical sensing mechanisms are discussed, along with the selection of corresponding functional materials. Additionally, several representative applications are highlighted, followed by a discussion of the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead for this emerging field.

  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• Evaluation of Bonding Performance of Laser Welding Between Glass and Aluminum

  2023-06-12

  articleSenior author

  Abstract Glass is one of the commonly used materials with exceptional properties such as high mechanical strength, high chemical resistance, and low dielectric coefficient. Over the past decade, laser has been developed as a promising tool for welding between similar and dissimilar materials, especially glass and metals. Aluminum is also a commonly used material, which is known for its light weight, high conductivity, and high specific strength. In this study, we conducted a glass-to-aluminum welding experiment using lasers, reported the welding results, and analyzed the influential factors of the welding strength caused by the laser system, including power, repetition rate, scanning speed, and scanning cycles. From the analysis, we found that power, scanning cycles, and interactions of the laser parameters are significantly important to the welding strength. Moreover, we built a logistic regression model to predict whether a welding sample can have a strong connection between glass and aluminum given the laser parameters. The results indicate that our model can achieve maximum accuracy of 81.2% for the prediction task. Therefore, our findings can fill the gap from previous studies that were lack of statistical data analysis and prediction tasks in glass-to-aluminum welding, and further enhance the welding quality in future studies.

  PublisherDOI

• Assessment of glass-to-glass welding by USP lasers with machine learning approaches

  Manufacturing Letters · 2023-08-01 · 4 citations

  articleSenior author
  PublisherDOI

• A Novel Analytical Explicit Method to Calculate Formed Wheel and Tooth Flank of Involute Gears in Profile Grinding Process

  Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering · 2023-02-17 · 1 citations

  article

  Abstract Gear drive is a common and efficient way to transfer power and motion. To ensure the machining accuracy of gears, the tooth flanks are formed by profile grinding technology in some cases. In the profile grinding process, the calculation of wheels using the information of gears named as the forward-calculation process and obtaining gears based on wheels (the backward-calculation process) traditionally adopt numerical ways. It is always time consuming and large code quantity. To conquer these drawbacks, this article presents an analytical method using the envelope theory to compute the contacting curves that are the basis of getting tooth flanks or wheels in the forward- or the backward-calculation process. For the forward-calculation process, the tooth flank is expressed in the form of an extended straight-line surface that can be taken as the generating line moving along the helix curve. The normal vector for an arbitrary point on the generating line is the same. By using this characteristic, the contacting curve can be explicitly gained as the function of only one parameter. Similarly, in the backward-calculation process, the formed wheel is expressed by a cross section rotating about its axis. For this type of surface, the guide curve is a circle, and the normal vectors of points on the guideline insect with the axis at the same point. Taking advantage of this principle, the contacting curve can be analytically expressed by only one unknown parameter. To verify the validity of the proposed method, some examples and comparative experiments are performed. The results show that the presented method is correct. When compared with the classical numerical way, the time span for the proposed method is 15 times less than that for the numerical way. When compared with the practical grinding wheel and the practical gear, the maximum errors are 0.18 mm and 0.0099 mm, respectively. The proposed method can be served as one of the universal ways to generate formed wheels or involute gears in the profile grinding process.

  PublisherDOI

• Design and 3d Printing of Waveguide-Based Ultrasonic Longitudinal-Torsional Transducers for Medical Needle Insertion

  SSRN Electronic Journal · 2022-01-01 · 1 citations

  articleOpen accessSenior author
  PublisherDOI

Recent grants

• Planning and Optimizing 5-Axis High Speed Machining with Feed Scheduling for Sculptured Surface Machining

  NSF · $339k · 2003–2007

• L1-Splines-Based Geometric-Physics Modeling of Deformable Objects with Force-Torque Feedback

  NSF · $360k · 2006–2010

• Collaborative Research: Investigation of Vibratory Cutting Mechanics with Novel Compliant Needle Geometry for Precision Needle Positioning Machine

  NSF · $150k · 2014–2018

Frequent coauthors

• Roger J. Narayan

  19 shared

• Yi Cai

  Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

  15 shared

• Jason Z. Moore

  Pennsylvania State University

  11 shared

• Jingyan Dong

  11 shared

• Weihang Zhu

  Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University

  10 shared

• Hantang Qin

  University of Wisconsin–Madison

  9 shared

• Ajay Joneja

  University of Hong Kong

  8 shared

• Yuwen Sun

  Dalian University of Technology

  8 shared

Education

• Ph.D.

  Purdue University

Awards & honors

• NSF CAREER Award
• Outstanding Young Manufacturing Engineer Award from the Soci…
• Norman Dudley Award from the Taylor & Francis Journals, Lond…
• C.A. Anderson Outstanding Faculty Award
• Alumni Faculty Outstanding Teaching Award from NC State Univ…