About

Sanjay Joshi is a professor affiliated with the Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering and Mechanical Engineering at Penn State University. His research interests encompass manufacturing processes, with a focus on computer-aided process planning, CAD/CAM, control of manufacturing systems, and additive manufacturing. He has contributed to the development of process planning for five-axis support-free additive manufacturing, optimization of digital radiography for large metallic components, and the analysis of tensile strength in additively manufactured materials. His work involves advancing manufacturing technologies through innovative process modeling, microstructural analysis, and process optimization. Joshi's research has led to numerous publications in journals and conference proceedings, emphasizing the application of computational methods to improve manufacturing efficiency, quality, and material performance. His contributions support the integration of design, manufacturing, and production, particularly in the context of additive manufacturing and digital manufacturing systems.

Research topics

• Computer Science
• Artificial Intelligence
• Information Retrieval
• Engineering
• Engineering drawing
• Mechanical engineering
• Nanotechnology
• Mathematics education
• World Wide Web
• Psychology
• Pedagogy
• Materials science

Selected publications

• Laser directed energy deposited SS316L/IN625 bimetallic structure with gradient transition composition: Microstructure and local performance studies

  Materials Characterization · 2026-03-11

  article
  PublisherDOI

• Exploring Trade Offs and Conflicts between Energy, Biodiversity and Human Livelihoods for Sustainable Development

  Resources and Environmental Economics · 2026-04-02

  articleOpen access

  This study examines the complex interactions and trade-offs among energy development, biodiversity conservation, and human livelihoods within the context of increasing global energy demand and sustainability challenges. Using a mixed-methods approach that integrates literature review, case study analysis, and primary empirical data (n = 120), the study provides both quantitative and qualitative insights into stakeholder perceptions and socio-ecological impacts. Quantitative results indicate that environmental degradation (mean = 4.28) and livelihood disruption (mean = 4.05) are perceived as major consequences of energy development, with statistically significant differences across stakeholder groups (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis further reveals a strong relationship between environmental degradation and livelihood insecurity (r = 0.57, p < 0.01). Qualitative findings reinforce these results, highlighting concerns related to habitat loss, unequal benefit distribution, and limited community participation. The findings demonstrate that trade-offs are highly context-specific and vary across energy types and governance settings. Fossil fuel-based energy systems are associated with greater long-term ecological degradation and pollution, whereas renewable energy projects, although comparatively less harmful, still generate localized impacts such as land-use change and habitat fragmentation. These outcomes are particularly significant in biodiversity-sensitive and resource-dependent regions, where livelihoods are closely linked to ecosystem services. To advance current research, this study introduces an Energy--Biodiversity--Livelihood Trade-off Framework, which integrates energy performance, biodiversity integrity, and livelihood outcomes into a unified analytical model. In addition, a region-specific Energy--Biodiversity--Livelihood Trade-off Index (EBL-TI) is proposed to quantify socio-ecological trade-offs across different contexts. The study further operationalizes the Kunming--Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework for the energy sector by linking global targets to measurable governance and planning indicators. Overall, the results highlight the need for integrated and adaptive governance approaches that incorporate biodiversity-sensitive spatial planning, equitable benefit-sharing mechanisms, and inclusive stakeholder participation. By combining empirical evidence with conceptual innovation, this study contributes to advancing sustainable energy transitions that are not only efficient but also ecologically responsible and socially equitable.

  PublisherDOI

• Review of BLS Employment Projection Methodologies: Foundations, Current Practices, and Opportunities for Enhancement

  International Journal of Advanced Research in Science Communication and Technology · 2026-03-06

  articleOpen access1st authorCorresponding

  This paper provides a comprehensive review of the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) employment projection methodologies as documented in official BLS publications, including the Handbook of Methods, Monthly Labor Review articles, and technical documentation. The BLS Employment Projections program produces essential long-term forecasts of the labor force, industry output, and occupational employment that inform national policy and workforce development strategies. This review systematically examines the core methodological components: labor force projections using demographic models, macroeconomic projections of GDP and its components, industry output and employment projections using input-output analysis, and occupational employment projections based on industry staffing patterns. We analyze key technical documents including the occupational separations methodology, gross flows estimation frameworks, Bayesian inference for survey estimation, hedonic quality adjustment methods, multiple imputation techniques for missing data, and productivity measurement approaches. The review synthesizes findings from recent methodological innovations published in the Monthly Labor Review and working paper series, identifying strengths, limitations, and opportunities for enhancement. This comprehensive examination serves as a foundation for understanding how BLS methodologies might evolve to address emerging measurement challenges while maintaining historical continuity and statistical rigor

  PublisherDOI

• Exploring the Use and Relevance of Anu??up Chanda? in Ayurveda's Classical Canon

  International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) · 2025-05-21

  articleOpen access

  It is fascinating to observe how the Anuup Chanda, often regarded as a simple metrical pattern in Sanskrit literature, has silently shaped the way ancient Indian knowledge was preserved and passed on. In my view, its balanced structure-just thirty-two syllables arranged in four neat quarters-offers more than poetic beauty; it provides a practical framework that made memorization and oral transmission both achievable and reliable. This suggests that the sages and scholars who composed monumental works like the Aga Hdaya and Aga Sagraha deliberately chose this meter not only for its rhythmic appeal but also for its pedagogical value. What stands out is the adaptability of this meter, which comfortably accommodates scientific descriptions alongside philosophical insights, particularly in Ayurveda. That said, the classical refinement of Anuup, with its subtle syllabic rules in later literature, reflects an evolving awareness of sound, flow, and learning efficiency. It is evident that this metrical form played a vital role in shaping the literary and scientific legacy of India, turning complex medical theories into verses that could live on in the minds of generations. The practical elegance of Anuup Chanda remains a testament to how literary art can serve as a vehicle for scientific wisdom.

  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• Two‐Phase Material Shape Optimization of an Additively Manufactured Integrated Metal and Ceramic Resin Implant‐Supported Dental Crown

  International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering · 2025-09-01

  articleOpen accessSenior author

  The screw-retained implant-supported crown is a durable, aesthetic restoration, but debonding between the crown and abutment remains a challenge to survivability. The purpose of this work was to devise an abutment shape that can be embedded into the crown while the crown is being additively manufactured. The result was a mechanically retained, no-adhesive abutment and crown unit that is mounted to the implant fixture. To generate the best internal shape for the new restoration design concept, a shape optimization method was developed using nTop software with the objective of pursuing low structural compliance (maximizing stiffness), withstanding mastication loads, and complying with the unique manufacturing constraints of the proposed design. The optimization results showed a 39% and 51% reduction in structural compliance for molar and incisor restorations. Validation finite element analysis (FEA) on the molar restoration was accomplished for comparison of the initial, optimized, and traditional Ti-Base screw-retained designs. Under vertical and angled loads, the optimized design reduced maximum Von Mises stress by 38% compared with the traditional design, and under upwards load, the optimized design reduced maximum principal shear strain along the abutment-crown joint boundary by 67%. A successful prototype was created using a stereolithography (SLA) printer for fit and form testing. The design concept in this study showed promise as an alternate method to join the two components, while removing the debonding failure mode and maintaining aesthetics and strength. This may offer a more suitable screw-retained restoration option for patients with constraints such as small interocclusal space.

  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• Yukti: The crucial framework in chikitsaas Pramāṇa and ParādiGuṇa

  World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences · 2025-05-30

  articleOpen accessSenior author

  In the realm of Ayurveda, Yukti is not merely a tool of logic but a profound means of knowledge—Pramāṇa—and a determinant of effective treatment—Parādi Guṇa. This paper explores Yukti as an integrative, context-sensitive instrument that blends śāstra (scripture), anubhava (experience), and buddhi (discriminative intellect). It is indispensable in tailoring therapies to the dynamic variables of deśa (place), kāla (time), and bala (strength of patient or disease). Through classical references, especially from CharakaSaṃhitā and its Siddhisthāna, this article elucidates how Yukti distinguishes an insightful Vaidya from a rote practitioner.

  PublisherDOI

• Design and experimental validation of normal terminal sliding mode control for level tank system

  International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering · 2024-01-01

  article

  The paper explores the design of a normal terminal sliding mode controller (normal TSMC) for a nonlinear uncertain laboratory level tank system. The reachability condition of closed-loop system has been deduced from direct Lyapunov candidate function. The proposed design method has been compared with proportional, integral and derivative (PID) controller and typical sliding mode control (SMC). Normal TSMC and classical SMC are verified by using simulation as well as real-time experimentation while PID controller has been validated via experimental tests. The simulation and experimental result investigates that normal TSMC algorithm is more superior than PID and SMC strategies for estimated plant parameters, switching the set-point from one level to the other and internal, and external disturbances. It explores the better improvement in time-domain specifications such as response speed, settling time, overshoot in percentage, rise time and error performance indices.

  PublisherDOI

• Post Processing

  2023-01-01 · 1 citations

  book-chapter1st authorCorresponding
  PublisherDOI

• Cognitive Dissonance Among Retail Investors Dealing in Equity Market

  Journal of management and entrepreneurship · 2023-01-01

  articleOpen access1st authorCorresponding

  The study aimed to identify the factors affecting pre-buy/sell confusion and post-cognitive dissonance among investors in equity shares dealing and to identify dissonance reduction strategies adopted by investors to reduce their dissonance in equity shares dealing. ‘Descriptive –Single Cross-Sectional’ research design has been used in this study. Primary Data was collected using the Survey method (Structured Questionnaire) of respondents (Investors) of significant areas of Surat city. Generally, these data types are gathered from numerous sources such as books, past studies, and websites. 140 sample sizes were considered and extracted through the NonProbability Sampling Method – Convenience and Snowball Sampling. Data was collected from investors participating in the equity market who are active investors and not traders. In conclusion, three major confusion factors were identified: Product/Service Overload Confusion, Ambiguity and Overloaded/Fake Information Confusion. Moreover, four prominent factors for cognitive dissonance arise: dissonance, choice-based dissonance, dissonance reduction, and action-based dissonance. Further, the dissonance reduction strategies mostly prevailing among Surat investors are affirmative consonance, confirmatory consonance and negative word-ofmouth.

  PublisherDOI

• Design for Additive Manufacturing and Cost and Economics of AM

  2023-01-01

  book-chapter1st authorCorresponding
  PublisherDOI

Recent grants

• EAGER: Critical Assessment of Shape Retrieval Tools

  NSF · $105k · 2018–2021

Frequent coauthors

• Richard A. Wysk

  North Central State College

  36 shared

• Richard P. Martukanitz

  University of Virginia

  24 shared

• Abdalla R. Nassar

  22 shared

• Pan Michaleris

  22 shared

• Jeffrey S. Smith

  Goddard Space Flight Center

  14 shared

• Robin G. Qiu

  Pennsylvania State University

  11 shared

• Jing Fu

  Guizhou University

  9 shared

• Timothy W. Simpson

  Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek

  9 shared