Nicholas Bates

About

Nicholas Bates is a professor in the School of Ocean Futures, a senior scientist, and the director of research at the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS). He has published more than 180 publications on ocean biogeochemistry, carbon cycling, and ocean acidification. Bates received his doctorate in oceanography in 1995 from the University of Southampton.

Research topics

• Environmental science
• Geology
• Ecology
• Oceanography
• Computer Science
• Geography
• Climatology
• Atmospheric sciences
• Biology
• Chemistry

Selected publications

• Global Carbon Budget 2023

  Earth system science data · 2023-11-30 · 1320 citations

  articleOpen access

  Abstract. Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate is critical to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies, and project future climate change. Here we describe and synthesize data sets and methodology to quantify the five major components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties. Fossil CO2 emissions (EFOS) are b…

  PublisherDOI

• Global Carbon Budget 2024

  Earth system science data · 2025-03-14 · 478 citations

  articleOpen access

  Abstract. Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate is critical to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies, and project future climate change. Here we describe and synthesize datasets and methodologies to quantify the five major components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties. Fossil CO2 emissions (EFOS) are…

  PublisherDOI

• Forty years of ocean acidification observations (1983–2023) in the Sargasso Sea at the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study site

  Frontiers in Marine Science · 2023-12-08 · 19 citations

  articleOpen access1st authorCorresponding

  Ocean physical and biogeochemical conditions are rapidly changing over time. Forty years of observations from 1983 to 2023 collected at the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) site near Bermuda in the North Atlantic Ocean shows continuing trends of surface warming, increase in salinity, loss of dissolved oxygen (DO), increase in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and ocean acidification (OA) effects. Over this period, the ocean has warmed by about +1°C, increased in salinity by +0.136, and lost DO by…

  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• Global Carbon Budget 2025

  2025-11-13 · 18 citations

  articleOpen accessCorresponding

  Abstract. Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate is critical to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies, and project future climate change. Here we describe and synthesise datasets and methodologies to quantify the five major components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties. Fossil CO2 emissions (EFOS) are…

  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• Environmental Drivers of Coccolithophore Growth in the Pacific Sector of the Southern Ocean

  Global Biogeochemical Cycles · 2023-11-01 · 15 citations

  articleOpen access

  Abstract The Great Calcite Belt (GCB) is a band of high concentrations of suspended particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) spanning the subantarctic Southern Ocean and plays an important role in the global carbon cycle. The key limiting factors controlling coccolithophore growth supporting this high PIC have not yet been well‐characterized in the remote Pacific sector, the lowest PIC but largest area of the GCB. Here, we present in situ physical and biogeochemical measurements along 150°W from Janua…

  PublisherOA PDFDOI

Recent grants

• Collaborative Research: Transports and Transformations of Carbon and Nitrogen in the Western Arctic Ocean: A Contribution to the SBI Project

  NSF · $450k · 2002–2007

• Collaborative Research: The Great Southern Coccolithophore Belt

  NSF · $306k · 2010–2015

• The Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS): Year 21-25

  NSF · $5.3M · 2008–2013

Frequent coauthors

• Kim Currie

  National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research

  93 shared

• Jón Ólafsson

  88 shared

• Pierre Friedlingstein

  Sorbonne Université

  87 shared

• Matthew J. Church

  University of Montana

  85 shared

• John E. Dore

  Montana State University

  84 shared

• Laura Lorenzoni

  83 shared

• Yrene Astor

  Universidad de Margarita

  81 shared

• Nathalie Lefèvre

  Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques

  80 shared

Education

• Ph.D.

  University of Southampton

  1995

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