About

Richard Green is a Professor Emeritus at the Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics at UC Davis. His research focuses on econometrics, demand analysis, and advertising and promotion within the context of agricultural and resource economics. As a distinguished scholar, he has contributed to the development of econometric foundations and applied econometrics, with courses such as Intermediate Microeconomics: Theory of Production and Consumption, Econometric Theory and Applications, and Econometric Foundations. His work has significantly impacted the understanding of demand systems and the application of econometric methods in agricultural economics.

Research topics

• Political Science
• Public relations
• Psychology
• Social psychology
• Nursing
• Medicine
• Natural resource economics
• Remote sensing
• Geography
• Ecology
• Biology
• Environmental science
• Market economy
• Environmental economics
• Business
• Engineering
• Waste management
• Economics
• Mathematics
• Agronomy

Selected publications

• The impacts of different grassland management regimes on biodiversity and other ecosystem services: A systematic map protocol

  Proceed · 2026-02-10

  reportOpen access
  PublisherDOI

• From Grass to Protein: Assessing the Economic Viability of Mechanochemical-Assisted Extraction for Sustainable Food Production

  ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · 2026-01-23

  articleOpen access

  Grasslands represent one of the world’s largest yet most underexploited renewable biomass resources. Here, we present a techno-economic framework for transforming grass silage into edible protein and microbial lipids through mechanochemical and biocatalytic processing. Two biorefinery configurations were evaluated using stochastic and spatial modeling: a baseline system producing protein and biogas (Scenario 1) and an integrated design incorporating lipid fermentation (Scenario 2). Both achieve strong economic performance at industrial scale, with median net present values (NPVs) of £528 million and £1.21 billion, respectively, and protein production costs of £2.97–3.40 kg–1─comparable to plant-derived alternatives. Sensitivity analysis reveals that protein extraction efficiency and product price dominate profitability, while scale and coproduct valorisation drive the largest gains in expected NPV. Spatial simulations show that sourcing 33,333 t y–1 of wet silage (25% DM) is logistically feasible across UK grasslands at delivered costs of £51–58 t–1, enabling decentralised, regionally integrated deployment. Together, these results establish grass-based biorefineries as a scalable and economically credible route to sustainable protein production, bridging agricultural residues and food technology. The study provides quantitative guidance on how process yield, market development, and spatial logistics can be co-optimized to accelerate the emergence of a circular, pasture-driven bioeconomy.

  PublisherDOI

• Extreme galaxy-scale outflows are frequent among luminous early quasars

  Nature · 2026-05-06

  articleOpen access
  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• Co-design of Peer-Led Community Outreach to Improve Equity, Veteran-Centeredness and Uptake of Lung Cancer Screening

  American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · 2025-05-01

  article

  Abstract RATIONALE: Fewer than 20% of eligible Veterans have undergone lung cancer screening (LCS), with rates even lower among Black Veterans. Barriers to LCS for Black Veterans include lack of awareness, stigma, and mistrust, highlighting the need for tailored interventions. Co-design, a participatory action research method, involves community members collaborating as equal partners with researchers from the earliest stages, sharing knowledge and experience. Here we describe the process and products of the co-design and planning of Veteran-led, community-based LCS awareness events for Black Veterans. METHODS: Our co-design team included 7 Black Veterans, a Veteran peer trained to support other Veterans, 2 community organization representatives, and our research team. Ten, 2-hour co-design sessions were held to develop LCS awareness event protocols and materials. Sessions followed equity-centered best practices, prioritizing Veteran input and sharing resources to deepen research understanding. Sessions included check-ins, recaps, and prototype updates, with research team members developing materials refined through co-designers’ input. Following content and format specification, we partnered with local organizations for event planning. We recorded ethnographic fieldnotes throughout this process to capture Veteran and community partner impressions. RESULTS: Co-design and collaboration with local community partners informed every aspect of our advertising strategy, event logistics, and educational content, and built trusting relationships (Figure). We advertised via flyers, local radio shows, and existing email lists, explicitly inviting Black Veterans and their networks. Flyers highlighted community organization partnerships and included a QR code linked to VA resources. The two-hour event included an opportunity to register for our pilot study, food and networking, a peer-led introduction to LCS, a testimonial video from a Black Veteran who has been screened, role play of shared decision-making, and expert Q&A. Community partners advised holding events at accessible, meaningful locations for Black Veterans. Based on evaluation of ethnographic fieldnotes, we found that the co-design process built mutual trust between researchers and Veteran co-designers and fostered strong connections among Veteran co-designers. As one Veteran noted “We work like a family; we are dealing with family issues, that's what this is.” The event planning process also strengthened relationships with several well-connected Black Veteran community organizations. CONCLUSIONS: Co-design substantially shaped the community-based LCS events aimed at improving Black Veterans’ awareness of and engagement in LCS. Further, the trusting relationships built through this process are catalysts for future community engagement and research. The events are now being held and pilot-tested for feasibility and acceptability at four sites in Boston.

  PublisherDOI

• Enhancing Diagnostic Precision: Characterizing Subgroup Variability Within WHO Group 3 Pulmonary Hypertension Using ICD-10 Code I27.23 and Manual EHR Review

  American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · 2025-05-01

  article1st authorCorresponding

  Abstract RATIONALE: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) due to lung disease and hypoxia, coded as I27.23 in the ICD-10 system, serves as the most specific identifier for WHO Group 3 PH. This classification includes a broad range of underlying lung and systemic conditions. Updated guidelines from the 2024 7th World PH Symposium further categorize Group 3 PH into subgroups based on associations with specific lung diseases and hypoxia. However, the lack of subgroup-specific ICD-10 codes limits precise identification of these phenotypes, complicating research efforts which intend to capture accurate real-world data. This study aims to quantify the prevalence of specific PH disease entities coded under I27.23 through a detailed manual review of electronic health records (EHRs). METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted using the Loopback Platform, a multisource, de-identified, EHR-based U.S. database containing patient notes, labs, and vitals. From 516 patients with at least two I27.23 codes recorded 30 days apart, 118 were randomly selected. Two independent reviewers manually assessed clinical notes to classify PH etiology. Additionally, data on inhaled treprostinil, PDE5 inhibitors, and antifibrotic treatments were extracted. RESULTS: The cohort analysis revealed substantial variability in Group 3 PH etiologies. Of the 118 patients, 45 (38%) had PH due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (PH-COPD), 28 (24%) were diagnosed with PH related to interstitial lung disease (PH-ILD), 17 (14%) with PH secondary to connective tissue disease, 10 (9%) with PH due to obstructive sleep apnea (PH-OSA), 4 (3%) with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (PH-CPFE), 8 (7%) with other PH types, and 6 (5%) showed no PH evidence in the records. Among the 45 non-transplanted ILD patients, 22 (48%) received inhaled treprostinil, 18 (40%) a PDE5 inhibitor, and 20 (44%) an antifibrotic. CONCLUSIONS: The diversity of underlying PH disorders observed in patients the I27.23 code highlights the need for more specific ICD-10 coding to facilitate accurate identification and research of Group 3 PH subgroups. Enhanced classification may improve patient care and support targeted research initiatives.

  PublisherDOI

• The Discovery of Little Red Dots in the Local Universe: Signatures of Cool Gas Envelopes

  ArXiv.org · 2025-07-14 · 4 citations

  preprintOpen access

  JWST observations have revealed a population of high-redshift "little red dots" (LRDs) that challenge conventional AGN models. We report the discovery of three local LRDs at $z = 0.1$-$0.2$, initially selected from the SDSS database, with follow-up optical/near-IR spectroscopy and photometry. They exhibit properties fully consistent with those of high-redshift LRDs, including broad hydrogen and helium emission lines, compact morphologies, V-shaped UV-optical SED, declining near-IR continua, and no significant variability. Two sources were targeted but not detected in X-rays with statistical significance. All three sources show blue-shifted He I absorption, while two exhibit H$α$ and Na D absorption lines. We detect full Balmer and Paschen line series in all three objects, along with abundant narrow [Fe II] emission in two. The emission line analyses suggest narrow lines originate from AGN-powered, metal-poor regions with minimal dust; broad lines come from inner regions with exceptionally high density or atypical dust properties; and [Fe II] emission arises from dense gas between broad and narrow-line regions. One of our objects, J1025+1402 (nicknamed $The~Egg$), shows extremely high equivalent width Na D, K I, and Ca II triplet absorption lines, along with other potential low-ionization absorption features, suggesting the presence of a cool ($\sim$5000 K), metal-enriched gas envelope. The optical/near-IR continua of these LRDs are also consistent with theoretical models featuring an atmosphere around black holes. The WISE-detected IR emission is consistent with weak dust emission of $T \sim 10^2-10^3$ K. We propose a conceptual model consisting of a largely thermalized cool-gas envelope surrounding the central black hole and an extended emission line region with high-density outflowing gas to explain the observed properties of these local LRDs.

  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• Ten challenges for mathematical modeling of the green-energy transition

  Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports · 2025-09-08 · 2 citations

  articleOpen access

  Abstract Purpose of Review The global transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy creates a wide array of challenges that call for new models and analytical methods. This review identifies ten mathematical modeling challenges that are central to supporting the energy transition across operational, planning, market, and policy dimensions. Our aim is to provide structured research agenda for the analytics community, focusing on areas where methodological advances can have the greatest real-world impact. Recent Findings Drawing on the expertise of leaders in the field, we present a consensus view of current modeling needs that span temporal, spatial, and institutional scales. These include short-term operational problems, long-term infrastructure planning under uncertainty, and the formulation and solution of increasingly large and complex optimization problems. In addition to technical issues, we highlight the growing importance of modeling social and behavioral dimensions – such as procedural and distributive justice, retail-consumer participation, and the representation of diverse stakeholders. We identify also new challenges in market design, distributed energy integration, and the validation of large-scale models used for policy support. Summary The ten challenges reflect the breadth and complexity of the energy transition and emphasize the need for models that are scalable, robust, and socially aware. Collectively, they form a roadmap for analytics researchers aiming to contribute to the energy transition through innovative and impactful modeling.

  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• The Impact of the Out-of-Pocket Housing Expense Inflation on Household Alcohol and Tobacco Purchases

  National Bureau of Economic Research · 2025-02-01

  reportOpen access

  Housing expense inflation has historically averaged an annual growth rate of 3.0 percent.However, starting in early 2021 housing expense inflation surged, peaking at 8.2 percent by March 2023.Substance use also increased concurrently.This study investigates the impact of rising housing expenses on household purchases of alcohol and tobacco.The relationship is ambiguous: higher housing costs could reduce spending on these items due to constrained disposable income or increase them as a coping mechanism for financial stress.To identify the effects of housing expense inflation we utilize exogenous variation in county-level housing regulations and exposure to housing expense inflation, which affects renters and homeowners differently as homeowners with fixed-rate mortgages are less impacted.In particular, we employ a difference-in-difference-indifference (DDD) approach, comparing changes in alcohol and tobacco purchases between renters and homeowners, before and after the housing expense surge, across counties with varying housing regulation levels.Our findings reveal that a 1-unit increase in our housing regulation indexequivalent to moving from the 10th to the 90th percentile-correlates with an additional $28.70 (about 15.6 percent) monthly increase in out-of-pocket housing expenses per household member for renters relative to homeowners between 2019 and 2022.This increase is also associated with a 26 to 38 percent rise in financial difficulties among renters compared to homeowners.Furthermore, the same regulatory increase corresponds to a 15.2 percent rise in monthly beer purchases per member among renters relative to homeowners in 2022 compared to 2019, driven largely by lowcost beer.However, we find no significant effect on monthly household purchases of liquor, wine, or cigarettes.

  PublisherDOI

• Groundwater Δ2h/Δ18o Isoscapes for New South Wales (Australia)

  SSRN Electronic Journal · 2025-01-01

  preprintOpen access
  PublisherDOI

• HTA8 Identification of Cost-Effectiveness Evidence in UK NICE Single Technology Assessment Company Submissions: Databases, Sources and Currency of Searching

  Value in Health · 2024-06-01

  articleOpen access

  EAMS products appraised by NICE from 2020 to 2023, 43% (99) were positive, 48% (111) were optimized, and 9% (22) were not recommended.Most of the evidence collected during EAMS and considered in the NICE appraisal was qualitative in nature, such as highlighting the unmet need and positioning of the product.The qualitative data collected during EAMS and considered in the NICE appraisal included safety data, infusion time, and shorter diagnosis periods.Conclusions: This analysis reveals that EAMS products have a higher probability of receiving a positive NICE recommendation (58% vs 43%) than products appraised via standard pathways.Evidence collected during EAMS can support a product's value proposition, even if the data are only qualitative in nature.Consequently, when preparing for EAMS, it is crucial for manufacturers to thoroughly assess the data that can be collected to address uncertainties.While the duration of EAMS has doubled over the past four years, it remains uncertain whether this is a broader trend or if it was influenced by COVID-19-related delays.

  PublisherOA PDFDOI

Frequent coauthors

• Seiya Miyamoto

  384 shared

• Robert L. Balster

  309 shared

• Stephanie A Carmack

  National Institute on Drug Abuse

  286 shared

• Jennifer R Sage

  LVMH (France)

  286 shared

• Stephan Anagnostaras

  University of California, San Diego

  274 shared

• Richard J Beninger

  268 shared

• Tomek J Banasikowski

  Providence Health Care

  268 shared

• Malcolm Lader

  249 shared

Education

• Ph.D.

  University of Missouri