Brett R. Loman

Gut microbiome responds to alteration in female sex hormone status and exacerbates metabolic dysfunction

Gut Microbes · 2023-12-28 · 67 citations

Women are at significantly greater risk of metabolic dysfunction after menopause, which subsequently leads to numerous chronic illnesses. The gut microbiome is associated with obesity and metabolic dysfunction, but its interaction with female sex hormone status and the resulting impact on host metabolism remains unclear. Herein, we characterized inflammatory and metabolic phenotypes as well as the gut microbiome associated with ovariectomy and high-fat diet feeding, compared to gonadal intact an…

Psychological stress disrupts intestinal epithelial cell function and mucosal integrity through microbe and host-directed processes

Gut Microbes · 2022 · 50 citations

(ROS generating enzymes) strongly paralleled changes to microbiome composition and function, evidencing Str-mediated ROS production as a primary factor mediating gut-microbiota dysbiosis. In conclusion, a mouse model of social stress disrupts colonic epithelial and mucosal integrity, a response dependent on an intact microbiota and host stress signals. Together these preclinical findings may provide new insight into mechanisms of stress-associated bowel pathologies in humans.

Chemotherapy-induced gut microbiome disruption, inflammation, and cognitive decline in female patients with breast cancer

Brain Behavior and Immunity · 2024-05-31 · 29 citations

Baseline gut microbiome alpha diversity predicts chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with breast cancer

npj Breast Cancer · 2024-11-15 · 14 citations

Chemotherapy frequently causes debilitating gastrointestinal symptoms, which are inadequately managed by current treatments. Recent research indicates the gut microbiome plays a role in the pathogenesis of these symptoms. The current study aimed to identify pre-chemotherapy microbiome markers that predict gastrointestinal symptom severity after breast cancer chemotherapy. Fecal samples, blood, and gastrointestinal symptom scores were collected from 59 breast cancer patients before, during, and a…

Paclitaxel chemotherapy disrupts microbiota-enterohepatic bile acid metabolism in mice

Gut Microbes · 2024-10-01 · 10 citations

Balanced interactions between the enteric microbiota and enterohepatic organs are essential to bile acid homeostasis, and thus normal gastrointestinal function. Disruption of these interactions by cancer treatment instigates bile acid malabsorption, leading to treatment delays, malnutrition, and decreased quality of life. However, the nature of chemotherapy-induced bile acid malabsorption remains poorly characterized with limited treatment options. Therefore, this study sought to characterize ch…