Effect of soluble corn fiber supplementation for 1 year on bone mass in children and adolescents: results from the MetA-Bone randomized clinical trial

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · 2026-04-03

Delphi survey to gather feedback on a CONSORT extension proposal for nutrition intervention trials

European Journal of Nutrition · 2025-02-01 · 3 citations

PURPOSE: Inadequate reporting of nutrition data can hinder the success of nutrition health policies. CONSORT provides guidance for reporting of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and is required by most journals today, yet reporting of nutrition interventions may benefit from a more tailored approach. A Federation of European Nutrition Societies working group was created to improve quality and completeness of reporting of nutrition trials, and our work to date features a proposal for a CONSORT extension specific to nutrition RCTs. The present manuscript describes a Delphi survey conducted to gather opinion from a wider panel of nutrition and health experts and related interest-holders on our proposal. METHODS: We invited 138 potentially eligible participants to take part in the Delphi survey from a representative spread of expertise and geography. We employed a Likert scale with comments for our 32-item proposal in round 1, and a dichotomous scale with comments for our 29-item proposal in round 2. Threshold for agreement was set at ≥ 80% for both rounds. RESULTS: Forty-seven potentially eligible participants responded to our invitation, 38 completed the first round and 36 completed the second. N = 23 (72%) items achieved ≥ 80% in round 1, and 100% of items in round 2. Three items were dropped or merged following round 1. A third Delphi round was not required to obtain consensus. CONCLUSIONS: This Delphi expert consensus proposes a 29-item checklist specific to the reporting of nutrition RCTs and will inform further development of guidance through forthcoming consensus meetings.

Subgroup differences in calcium metabolism in response to dietary sodium: Rationale, design, and methods of a randomized, controlled, crossover dietary intervention in healthy adults

Contemporary Clinical Trials · 2025-05-18

A methodology study for sodium quantification in bone and soft tissue based on in vivo neutron activation analysis using a two-compartment model

Applied Radiation and Isotopes · 2025-02-07 · 1 citations

Rising phytate and oxalate intake, declining calcium intake, and bone health in United States adults: 1999–2023, a serial cross-sectional analysis

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · 2025-05-21 · 3 citations

Overview: the food matrix and its role in the diet

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · 2025-02-04 · 16 citations

The food matrix which includes the physiochemical structure and interaction with chemical constituents is a focus of investigation that is revealing potentially important influences on diet and health. This paper, the first in an article collection titled, The Important Role of the Dairy Matrix in Diet and Health, serves as an introduction to the food matrix to put into context the subsequent articles specific to the matrix effects of dairy milk, cheese and yogurt on human health. This introductory article describes the effects of processing on the food matrix and implications for diet and health, examines the contribution of nutrients compared to whole foods and food patterns, and characterizes examples of the complexity of the food matrix including current controversies of dairy fat and ultra-processed foods. The gaps in knowledge and research identified in this overview may help guide researchers and funding entities moving forward. Current knowledge indicates that translating research on the food matrix to the consumer through recommendations for the intake of whole foods and food patterns is prudent at this time.

Bone mass, muscle-bone unit, and bone turnover markers in healthy preadolescent Malaysian children

Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism · 2025-06-03

PURPOSE: Normative values of bone mass, bone turnover markers (BTMs) and muscle-bone unit (MBU) among healthy Asian children are needed to enable accurate skeletal assessment. This cross-sectional study characterizes the bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), BTMs and MBU of 243 Malaysian preadolescent children aged 9-11 years. METHODS: The total body BMD (TBBMD), total body BMC (TBBMC), lumbar spine BMD, lumbar spine BMC, and body composition were assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Total and regional MBU were calculated by dividing BMC by lean body mass. Serum BTMs (c-terminal telopeptide 1, procollagen type 1 N propeptide, bone alkaline phosphate, osteocalcin) and serum intact parathyroid hormone were measured. RESULTS: Based on the Asian reference population, 97.5% of participants had TBBMD z-scores above -1 standard deviation (SD), 2.5% were at risk for low TBBMD for age (-1.9 to -1.0 SD) and no one had low TBBMD for age (<-2.0 SD). Participants had lower TBBMD values compared to children of the same age according to published data of Asian children despite having higher body weights. There were sex-specific differences in the BTMs and regional MBU of study participants. CONCLUSION: This study provides a population-based dataset on bone mass, BTMs, and MBU of healthy preadolescent Malaysian children, which enables accurate skeletal assessment in this population.

Decrypting the messages in the matrix: The proceedings of a symposium on dairy food matrix science and public health opportunities

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · 2025-03-03 · 2 citations

Although food matrix research is still in its infancy, there is an emerging understanding of the important role of the food matrix on human nutrition and physiology, as well as for public health. This understanding has largely been propelled forward by research involving different milk and dairy food matrices which has revealed that in addition to their distinct array of nutrients and bioactive compounds, milk and dairy foods also contain complex food matrix microstructures that act as nutrient and bioactive delivery systems that set them apart from the other food groups. Due to these distinct food matrix properties, milk and dairy foods may be uniquely positioned to help Americans meet many of their nutrition and health needs. The aim of this manuscript is to describe the activities and findings from a National Dairy Council-sponsored symposium focused on connecting the science on milk and dairy food matrices with opportunities for improving public health. This proceedings paper summarizes and communicates the symposium presentations and panel discussions, key insights, and next steps to help leverage the evidence on different dairy food matrices (e.g., milk, yogurt, cheese) to develop science-backed strategies to support public health and health equity.

Perspective: Framework for Developing Prediction Equations for Estimating the Absorption and Bioavailability of Nutrients from Foods

Advances in Nutrition · 2025-07-17 · 4 citations

Current nutrient intake recommendations, nutritional assessments, and food labeling rely on estimated total nutrient content in foods and dietary supplements. However, the adequacy of nutrient intake depends not only on the total amount consumed but also on the fraction absorbed and utilized by the body. Accurate assessments of nutrient bioavailability require predictive equations or algorithms. This paper outlines a 4-step framework designed to guide researchers in developing such equations. The framework includes: 1) identifying key factors that influence nutrient or bioactive compound bioavailability; 2) conducting a comprehensive literature review of high-quality human studies to inform the development of predictive equations; 3) constructing predictive equations based on these insights; and 4) validate the equation, when feasible, to potentiate translation. This structured approach aims to enhance the accuracy and precision of nutrient bioavailability estimates, address data limitations, and highlight evidence gaps to inform future research and policy on nutrients and bioactive compounds.

Sodium Retention and Distribution in Growing and Adult Rodents Fed High and Low Salt Diets

Current Developments in Nutrition · 2025-05-01

Background/Objectives: Previous research demonstrates higher sodium retention with increasing levels of dietary salt in some populations. Our objective was to determine whole-body sodium retention and sodium distribution on high and low salt diets using rodent models. Methods: Whole body retention of orally dosed Na-22, a gamma emitter, was measured in female growing and adult Sprague-Dawley rats on high (3.1% by wt. of diet) and low salt (0.13% by wt. of diet) diets. In a second study, whole-body sodium retention was compared between destructive inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and neutron activation analysis (NAA) in adult male and female C57BL/6 mice. Results: Whole body retention of Na-22 was not different due to the age of rats on a high salt diet, but rats fed the high salt diet excreted Na-22 much more rapidly than rats fed a low salt diet. In mice, neither sodium retention nor tissue distribution was affected by dietary salt. Bland–Altman analysis indicated overall agreement between NAA and ICP-OES measurements, with observed systematic positive bias. Conclusions: Dietary salt had little effect on retention in normotensive rodents and should be studied in hypertensive models.