Spending Response to the Expanded Child Tax Credit: An Analysis Using United States Consumer Expenditure Survey Data

Review of Income and Wealth · 2026-05-01

ABSTRACT The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 substantially expanded the Child Tax Credit (CTC). Early studies documented that the expanded CTC reduced poverty and food insufficiency, but there is little research on its impact on household spending, particularly child‐related spending. We use data from the Consumer Expenditure Interview Survey and a difference‐in‐difference design to examine whether the expanded CTC increased spending overall, in major categories, and on specific items related to children's education and development. Our findings indicate that households used the CTC payments to enhance the well‐being of both their children and the entire household. For each $100 of CTC payment, our models show that households spent $44, mainly on housing ($28) and food ($12). When examining child‐related spending specifically—which overlaps with broader spending categories—households spent $16 per $100. We also find that the increase in child‐related spending was larger for Asian‐, Black‐, and Hispanic‐headed households than for White‐headed households.

A model of employment discrimination against minorities

Journal of Mathematical Sociology · 2026-05-10

Exchange Rate Fluctuations and Immigrant Labor Supply

Journal of International Migration and Integration / Revue de l integration et de la migration internationale · 2026-04-20

How Immigration is Changing the Black-White Earnings Gap

SSRN Electronic Journal · 2025-01-01

How Intergenerational Transfers Impact Poverty Among Aged Immigrants in the United States

2025-01-01

Intimate Partner Violence, Mental Health Symptomology, and Mental Health and Protective Service Use among Syrian Refugee Women with Children in Jordan

Violence Against Women · 2025-05-08 · 3 citations

Refugee women with children are at increased risk of intimate partner violence (IPV) and adverse mental health outcomes. This paper examines (1) the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among 412 Syrian refugee women with children outside camps in Jordan who experienced past-year physical and/or sexual IPV, and (2) the relationship between IPV and mental health among the women. Multivariable logistic regression model results showed that women with past-year IPV had significantly higher odds of anxiety, depression, and PTSD versus women without past-year IPV. Service use, barriers to care, and implications for public health and social work interventions are discussed.

How Immigration is Changing the Black-White Earnings Gap

National Bureau of Economic Research · 2025-10-01

P206 Exploring patients’ perception following management of pleural infection at Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. A qualitative study

2024-11-01

<h3>Introduction</h3> Pleural infection is associated with significant morbidity and mortality with a significant healthcare burden. Average hospital stay is 14 days. The current standard of care of intercostal chest drain placement and antibiotics with intrapleural enzyme therapy (IET), or surgical intervention in the event of treatment failure). The RAPID score is validated in risk stratification tools, but its ability to alter treatment remains unproven. A paucity of high-quality qualitative studies exists that assess the patient experience of pleural infection and recovery. <h3>Objectives</h3> The objective of this study is to gain insight into patients’ experiences of the management of pleural infection in a tertiary care centre. <h3>Method</h3> Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 participants with lived experiences of pleural infection between December 2022 and June 2023. <h3>Results</h3> 20 patients were interviewed (10 female, 10 male), the mean age was 66.8 years, average hospital stay was 14.5 days. All participants were admitted to hospital and received standard care in the form of chest drain and antibiotics. A further 17 (85%) IET and five (25%) required surgery. The majority (18, 90%) of patients felt their preferences were taken into account when choosing which intervention to undergo after standard care. There were significant negative effects from the disease and treatment; (12, 60% ) of patients experienced adverse effects of chest drainage( pain, breathlessness and impact on quality of life) and (4,20%) experienced significant employment and income impacts after discharge. Half of the participants felt positive about RAPID score directed therapy. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The current sequential approach to pleural infection may result in prolonged hospitalisation and adverse events. In this study, patients felt their views were considered. Furthermore, participants expressed a desire for more personalised treatment, leading to the proposal of a RAPID-driven treatment model.

Manifestations and drivers of secondary trauma among service providers working with Syrian refugees: A mixed-methods study from Istanbul, Turkey

International Social Work · 2024-09-23

This mixed-methods study explores the incidence, manifestations, and drivers of secondary traumatic stress among service providers who work with Syrian refugees in Istanbul, Turkey. A survey of 104 social workers and other providers working in 17 public and civil society agencies in Istanbul in 2018 demonstrates that 54.81% had Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale scores indicating mild to severe secondary traumatic stress. In total, 28 qualitative interviews showed manifestations and possible drivers of secondary traumatic stress including weak supervision, heavy caseloads, and insecure working conditions. The findings suggest supervision and peer-support should be strengthened to address secondary traumatic stress among providers serving refugees.

Immigration Policy Vacuum: Health and Well-being of DACA-Eligible Immigrants and their Children

National symposium on family issues · 2024-01-01