Geoffrey T. Garrett

· Robert E. and Norma Z. McKnight Professor of Management and Professor of Economics

University of Southern California · Business Analytics

Active 1985–2025

h-index47

Citations17.3k

Papers2053 last 5y

Funding—

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About

Geoffrey Garrett holds the Robert R. Dockson Dean’s Chair in Business Administration and is also Professor of Management and Organization at USC Marshall School of Business. Since arriving at Marshall in 2020 after serving six years as dean of the Wharton School, Garrett has been instrumental in redefining business education through transformational investments in new supply chain and risk management institutes, as well as initiatives focused on digital assets, digital competition, energy transition, and the ethics of technology. Under his leadership, Marshall has launched interdisciplinary joint undergraduate degrees with other USC schools, achieved STEM certification for all undergraduate programs, and expanded graduate programs in business analytics and finance. His tenure has also seen the undergraduate program reach gender parity and a faculty hiring initiative emphasizing analytics, finance, and leadership while increasing diversity among faculty. Garrett's academic career includes previous teaching at USC from 2005 to 2008, where he served as a professor of international relations, business administration, communications, and law, and as President of the Pacific Council on International Policy. Internationally, he was the founding CEO of the United States Studies Centre in Australia and served as dean of business schools at The University of Sydney and The University of New South Wales. A distinguished political economist, Garrett has held academic appointments at Oxford, Stanford, and Yale, and is a member of the Australian Academy of the Social Sciences. He is recognized globally as a leading business expert, featured in major media outlets, and has authored books on globalization, politics, and the diffusion of democracy and markets. Garrett serves on the boards of Park Hotels and Resorts, the Governing Council of the BITS School of Management in India, and the International Advisory Board of Zhejiang University International Business School in China. He holds a BA (Honors) from the Australian National University, and an MA and PhD from Duke University, where he was a Fulbright Scholar.

Research topics

Political Science
Physics
Computer Science
Engineering
Economic system
Astrobiology
Market economy
Economics
Systems engineering
Operating system
Astronomy
Software engineering

Selected publications

Open-Source High-Fidelity Orbit Estimation for Planetary Science and Space Situational Awareness Using the Tudat Software
2025-01-01
article
Publisher DOI
The open-source astrodynamics Tudatpy software &#8211; overview for planetary mission design and science analysis
2022 · 7 citations
- Computer Science
- Systems engineering
- Computer Science
&lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;The Tudat software was created at the Astrodynamics &amp; Space Missions Section (AS) at TU Delft, as a generic C++ tool for astrodynamics research and education. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;Since 2020, a Python interface named Tudatpy, has been developed.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt; The core of the software is numerical state propagation and estimation &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;functionality&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;It has been used for research publications over a wide range of topics, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;is embedded in&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt; the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;TU Delft Spaceflight&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt; M.Sc. curriculum.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;The software &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt; released as a conda packag&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;. Tudat &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt; hosted on GitHub (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;zxx&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;https://github.com/tudat-team/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;), under open-source BSD 3-clause license, with its functionality covered by &gt;200 unit te&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;sts.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Example applications for planetary missions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;We start by showing three illustrative examples of past and ongoing work with Tudatpy:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li class=&quot;western&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Small body orbit design and optimization using fully numerical modeling&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;The dynamical environment around small bodies is highly non-linear. In addition, the uncertainty of the gravity field complicates the search for stable spacecraft orbits. In this context, Tudat has been used for several projects, such as the design of a quasi-stable orbit (QSO) around Phobos (Fig. 1), the optimization of an orbit (for maximum coverage/minimum distance) around an asteroid, and the design of robustly stable spacecraft orbits under uncertainties in the asteroid gravity field.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;&quot; width=&quot;1070&quot; height=&quot;302&quot; name=&quot;Image1&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fig. 1 QSO orbits around Phobos designed using Tudatpy and Pygmo [1]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li class=&quot;western&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Galilean satellite ephemerides determination from JUICE tracking data&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;The JUICE mission will provide data on the dynamics of the Galilean moons to unprecedented accuracy. Using a simulated set of radio tracking data, Tudat has been used to simulate uncertainty of the ephemerides of the Galilean satellites during and after the JUICE mission (see Fig. 2). This analysis will be extended to provide a flexible tool to analyze the potential for a global inversion of Earth- and space-based radio and optical data for satellite ephemerides.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;&quot; width=&quot;836&quot; height=&quot;517&quot; name=&quot;Image5&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;en-GB&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fig. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;2&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Galilean satellite ephemeris uncertainty obtained from covariance analysis in a coupled estimation, using simulated JUICE radio tracking data [&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;2&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;]&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li class=&quot;western&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Interplanetary trajectory design using multiple gravity assists (MGA), deep space maneuvers (DSM), and shape-based low-thrust &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Tudat includes a framework for interplanetary trajectory design (see Fig. 3 for example), where the typical MGA-DSM functionality is enhanced with shape-based (spherical shaping and hodographic shaping) legs. Although the interplanetary trajectory is evaluated/optimized using a (semi-)analytical inner loop, the numerical propagatio of Tudat allows for a direct verification of the final trajectory under perturbations and for the use of differential correction to generate a high-fidelity transfer orbit.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;&quot; w
Publisher DOI
An open-source multi-mission, multi-observation estimation tool for natural satellites&#8217; dynamics - Application to Jupiter&#8217;s Galilean moons
2022
- Physics
- Astronomy
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;When generating ephemerides of natural satellites, available tracking data from different space missions, and/or Earth-based photo-/astrometric observations, are not systematically combined in the estimation. Exploiting the complementarity between different data types and data sets is however a key possibility for improving current solutions [1]. In the near future, this will be particularly crucial for Jupiter&amp;#8217;s Galilean moons: the synergy between past and upcoming missions (&lt;em&gt;e.g.&lt;/em&gt; Galileo, Juno, JUICE, Europa Clipper) and Earth-based observations is critical to better determine their strongly coupled dynamics [2,3].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To facilitate such moons&amp;#8217; ephemerides analyses, we are developing a multi-mission, multi-observation estimation tool. This simulation tool is part of the Tudat(py) open-source software (Python/C++ interfaces, C++ back-end), developed by TU Delft&amp;#8217;s Astrodynamics &amp; Space Missions department [4].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estimation tool capabilities &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our estimation tool can simulate multiple missions and various observation types. Regarding space missions, any number of spacecraft can be included in the estimation, around any natural body. The simulator typically takes SPICE kernels as inputs for the spacecraft&amp;#8217;s trajectories [5]. Any change in mission design can therefore be easily investigated by updating the kernel of interest.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The traditional radiometric observables are available (range, Doppler, VLBI), along with direct photo-/astrometry, either Earth- or spacecraft-based. In addition to the spacecraft's and natural bodies' states, various dynamical parameters are estimable, including gravity field coefficients, tidal dissipation parameters, as well as spacecraft- and mission-specific properties (empirical accelerations, observation biases, &lt;em&gt;etc.&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The entire estimation software is freely available to the community [4]. As such, it is directly usable and modifiable, also greatly facilitating verification work. An open-source simulator will be provided for the Galilean moons specifically.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ongoing and future applications&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Regarding Galilean moons&amp;#8217; ephemerides, our software has already been used to compare different state estimation strategies, using JUICE tracking data only, as well as to study a novel approach to include mutual approximations in the estimation [6].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The upgraded multi-mission, multi-observation tool now allows to quantify the contribution of diverse data types and/or data sets. Furthermore, it provides the means to analyse the solution&amp;#8217;s sensitivity to spacecraft&amp;#8217;s trajectories, dynamical modelling choices, as well as to the observations&amp;#8217; quality and schedule. This is essential to determine which combination of data sets or which observations planning strategy would benefit the solution most.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We will first apply this multi-mission functionality to investigate the unique opportunity for concurrent in-system observations offered by JUICE and Europa Clipper. We will particularly focus on (PRIDE) VLBI data [2], including the possibility for VLBI measurements between the two spacecraft, which would provide valuable information about their relative angular position.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We will also extend our tool&amp;#8217;s current capabilities, implementing additional observable types to simulate more diverse Earth-based observations (radar, stellar occultations, mutual events, mutual approximations). This will allow us to assess their contribution to the solution, and thus to define priorities, for both observations planning and data merging.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;[1] Lainey et al., 2020&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;[2] Dirkx et al., 2017&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;[3] Magnanini et al., in preparation&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;[4] &lt;em&gt;https://github.com/tudat-team/tudat-bundle&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;[5] Acton et al., 1996&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;[6] Fayolle et al., 2021&lt;/p&gt;
Publisher DOI
GLOBALIZATION AND FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION
Princeton University Press eBooks · 2021 · 13 citations
1st authorCorresponding
- Political Science
- Economic system
- Political Science
Publisher DOI
Contents
Cornell University Press eBooks · 2019-11-05
paratextOpen access
Publisher OA PDF DOI
7. Ideas, Interests, and Institutions: Constructing the European Community’s Internal Market
Cornell University Press eBooks · 2019-11-05 · 173 citations
book-chapter1st authorCorresponding
Publisher DOI
The Politics of Maastricht
2018-03-08 · 1 citations
book-chapter1st authorCorresponding
The Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) treaty signed at Maastricht did not guarantee that Euroland would be a zone of German style monetary rectitude. Membership was not limited to countries that mimicked the German commitment to price stability nor that plausibly constitute an optimal currency area in Europe. National representatives can outvote inflation-averse members of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank in monetary policy decisions. The Council of Ministers has the power to set exchange rate policy vis-à-vis third currencies. The treaty did not provide binding constraints against fiscal profligacy in member states; neither does the subsequent Growth and Stability Fact. The German government agreed to this suboptimal outcome because, in the wake of the demise of the Soviet Union and German unification, it had broader political interests in maintaining the pace of European integration-— through the creation of the euro.
Publisher DOI
The Deal Trump Should Strike With Xi
Foreign Affairs · 2018-11-12
article1st authorCorresponding
Publisher
Globalization, Democratization, and Government Spending in Middle-Income Countries
University of Pittsburgh Press eBooks · 2017-09-07 · 24 citations
book-chapter1st authorCorresponding
Publisher DOI
Trust is not the only deficit
2014-05-15
article1st authorCorresponding
Publisher DOI

Frequent coauthors

Miles Kahler
684 shared
John Odell
684 shared
Janice Gross Stein
University of Toronto
683 shared
Helen V. Milner
Princeton Public Schools
628 shared
Beth V. Yarbrough
620 shared
Stephan Haggard
University of California, San Diego
549 shared
James D. Fearon
Stanford University
546 shared
Peter J. Katzenstein
Cornell University
538 shared

Education

B.A.
Australian National University
M.A.
Duke University
Ph.D.
Duke University

Awards & honors

Foreign Policy Association Medal
Advance Global Australian Award

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