
Michael V. Kolomiets
· ProfessorVerifiedTexas A&M University · Pathology
Active 1990–2025
About
Michael V. Kolomiets is a Professor in the Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology at Texas A&M University. His research focuses on lipid- and hormone-mediated signaling in plants, particularly in maize, and their roles in plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. His work investigates the molecular and biochemical responses of plants to pests, pathogens, and environmental stresses such as drought, heat, and salinity, with an emphasis on understanding the mechanisms of induced systemic resistance, resistance to fungal pathogens producing mycotoxins, and plant interactions with root colonizing symbionts. Dr. Kolomiets received his undergraduate and master's degrees in Genetics from Kyiv National University in Ukraine, and his Ph.D. in Horticulture from Iowa State University. His postdoctoral training included work at the University of Missouri-Columbia and Corteva (formerly Pioneer Hi-Bred, Inc.), where he studied lipoxygenase functions and maize lesion mimic mutants. Since joining Texas A&M University in 2002, he has advanced from Assistant to Professor, with research funded by the National Science Foundation and the United States Department of Agriculture. His research aims to couple plant genetics, biochemistry, and molecular biology techniques with agronomically important trait assessment to enhance understanding and improve cereal crops.
Research topics
- Biology
- Botany
- Microbiology
- Ecology
- Agronomy
- Biotechnology
- Biochemistry
- Horticulture
- Genetics
- Chemistry
Selected publications
Frontiers in Plant Science · 2025-08-28
articleOpen accessRose rosette virus (RRV) causes disease in rose shrubs manifesting as abnormal branch growth, stem thickening, increased thorniness, as well as malformed, discolored leaves and flowers. The uneven and strange development near apical regions and only in parts of the plant led us to investigate how RRV influences growth promoters to alter internal developmental programs. Leaf samples were collected from symptomatic (rosetted) and asymptomatic shoots of the same rose plants. We quantified viral RNA levels and analyzed the concentrations of some key hormones (abscisic acid [ABA], caffeic acid [CFA], indole acetic acid [IAA], and gibberellin [GA]). Additionally, gene expression profiling was performed, focusing on genes involved in hormone synthesis and signaling, auxin transport, and plant development. Viral RNA levels were unevenly distributed between rosetted and non-rosetted tissues. The ABA and IAA levels were similar between tissue types, whereas CFA and GA exhibited marked differences. We identified 39 genes with distinct or opposite expression in rosetted versus asymptomatic tissues, including PILS3, PIN1 , and two SAUR genes related to auxin transport and response. Expression of key regulators of ABA and GA synthesis and signaling, including YUCCA and AUX/IAA genes, were altered. Notably, Lonely Guy 3 (LOG3), which encodes a cytokinin-acitvating enzyme implicated in leaf patterning was significantly reduced in rosetted leaves, suggesting leaf-specific hormone imbalances. Several WOX transcription factors were suppressed indicating a potential role in antiviral responses. Our findings demonstrate that RRV selectively alters hormonal profiles and gene expression involved in plant growth and development. This study identified precise incursions of RRV into host molecular mechanisms controlling plant development and growth.
Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions · 2025-12-09
articleOpen accessHarnessing root-associated microbiomes to promote beneficial microbial compositions could offer a sustainable strategy to increase crop resilience. Major challenges impeding this strategy are the lack of understanding of which native members of the microbiome benefit the host and the molecular signaling events underlying these benefits. In this study, we isolated a strain of Roseateles chitinivorans, RcP500, corresponding to the most abundant bacterial taxon in the switchgrass root microbiome. Inoculation of roots with RcP500 promoted growth and induced systemic resistance (ISR) to Bipolaris leaf spot of switchgrass and closely related Panicum hallii. R. chitinivorans is also highly abundant in the rhizosphere and root microbiomes of maize and rice and enhanced the growth of these two plant species. Furthermore, RcP500 elicited ISR in maize against anthracnose leaf blight and southern corn leaf blight. Bioassays and root metabolite profiling in maize wild-type and jasmonic acid (JA)-deficient opr7opr8 mutant plants revealed the requirement of JA-dependent processes in RcP500-elicited synthesis of the JA precursor, 12-OPDA ( cis-(+)-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid), and an α-ketol, 9,10-KODA (9-hydroxy-10-oxo-12( Z)-octadecadienoic acid), two oxylipins previously implicated in ISR signaling. Xylem sap transfusion of RcP500-colonized plants to naïve receiver plants corroborated the role of JA in promoting these signaling intermediates. Whereas root JA synthesis was downregulated upon RcP500 colonization, gibberellic acid was induced, suggesting a potential mechanism behind the simultaneous growth promotion and ISR triggered by this bacterium. Overall, this study identified a novel rhizobacterium with a broad host range that promotes growth and systemic resistance across multiple plant species in a JA-dependent, ketol-driven manner. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2026 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions · 2025-01-01 · 3 citations
articleOpen accessPotato powdery scab, caused by the soilborne pathogen Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea ( Sss), poses a significant threat to potato production, reducing potato value and impacting fresh market quality. Effective management strategies for this disease are currently lacking, and Sss is widespread in many potato-growing regions, highlighting the urgent need for effective control measures. Although the use of disease-resistant cultivars holds potential as a sustainable solution, the genetic mechanisms underlying resistance to Sss remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of the defense-related phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) in potato resistance to Sss. Initial analyses of defense gene expression revealed transcriptional reprogramming in response to Sss infection in potato hairy root cultures. Quantification of defense-related phytohormones further demonstrated a significant increase in SA levels in Sss-infected roots, whereas other phytohormones, jasmonic acid and ethylene, showed no substantial variation. Pretreatment of hairy roots with SA resulted in a marked reduction in Sss propagation, suggesting that SA contributes to induced resistance against the pathogen. To further elucidate the role of SA, we utilized transgenic potato hairy roots overexpressing the tomato SA receptor gene SlNPR1 to enhance SA sensitivity or expressing the bacterial nahG gene to deplete endogenous SA. Our findings showed reduced Sss growth in SlNPR1 overexpression lines, whereas nahG lines exhibited increased pathogen proliferation. These findings were further validated in fully grown potato plants using a pot assay. Collectively, our results indicate that SA plays a pivotal role in mediating resistance to powdery scab in potato. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata · 2025-12-19
articleABSTRACT Chelonus insularis (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is an egg‐larval parasitoid of the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Previous studies reported that maize plants can affect the performance of FAW as well as that of its parasitoids. However, there is little information about whether plants affect the performance of egg‐larval parasitoids of FAW. It is also unknown whether C. insularis females can perceive cues from different maize cultivars and therefore preferentially parasitize hosts on which their offspring's performance is highest. In this study, we compared the preference and performance of C. insularis on three maize cultivars: the Mexican landrace Tuxpeño, the inbred B73 from the United States, and inbred isoline B73‐lox10, a B73 mutant deficient in the production of jasmonic acid, green leaf volatiles, and herbivore‐induced plant volatiles. Oviposition of C. insularis females and colonization preferences of FAW neonate larvae parasitized by C. insularis were assessed using three‐choice cage tests in a greenhouse. The offspring sex ratio, adult weight, development time, and longevity were used as indicators of parasitoid performance. C. insularis performance was highest on B73‐lox10 plants, lowest on Tuxpeño plants, and intermediate on B73 plants. However, females preferred FAW eggs laid on Tuxpeño plants, followed by those laid on B73‐lox10 and B73 plants. FAW neonate larvae parasitized by C. insularis preferentially colonized B73‐lox10 plants, although initially they colonized Tuxpeño and B73 plants, which were comparatively detrimental to the parasitoid's development. Overall, C. insularis females did not prefer parasitizing hosts on host plants on which their offspring's performance was highest. However, FAW larvae parasitized by C. insularis chose to colonize host plants on which the parasitoid's performance was highest. The results of this study provide information that could be useful for designing strategies for biological control of FAW.
Genes · 2024-03-25 · 4 citations
articleOpen accessSenior authorExtensive genome structure variations, such as copy number variations (CNVs) and presence/absence variations, are the basis for the remarkable genetic diversity of maize; however, the effect of CNVs on maize herbivory defense remains largely underexplored. Here, we report that the naturally occurring duplication of the maize 9-lipoxygenase gene ZmLOX5 leads to increased resistance of maize to herbivory by fall armyworms (FAWs). Previously, we showed that ZmLOX5-derived oxylipins are required for defense against chewing insect herbivores and identified several inbred lines, including Yu796, that contained duplicated CNVs of ZmLOX5, referred to as Yu796-2×LOX5. To test whether introgression of the Yu796-2×LOX5 locus into a herbivore-susceptible B73 background that contains a single ZmLOX5 gene is a feasible approach to increase resistance, we generated a series of near-isogenic lines that contained either two, one, or zero copies of the Yu796-2×LOX5 locus in the B73 background via six backcrosses (BC6). Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) confirmed the successful introgression of the Yu796-2×LOX5 locus in B73. The resulting B73-2×LOX5 inbred line displayed increased resistance against FAW, associated with increased expression of ZmLOX5, increased wound-induced production of its primary oxylipin product, the α-ketol, 9-hydroxy-10-oxo-12(Z),15(Z)-octadecadienoic acid (9,10-KODA), and the downstream defense hormones regulated by this molecule, 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (12-OPDA) and abscisic acid (ABA). Surprisingly, wound-induced JA-Ile production was not increased in B73-2×LOX5, resulting from the increased JA catabolism. Furthermore, B73-2×LOX5 displayed reduced water loss in response to drought stress, likely due to increased ABA and 12-OPDA content. Taken together, this study revealed that the duplicated CNV of ZmLOX5 quantitively contributes to maize antiherbivore defense and presents proof-of-concept evidence that the introgression of naturally occurring duplicated CNVs of a defensive gene into productive but susceptible crop varieties is a feasible breeding approach for enhancing plant resistance to herbivory and tolerance to abiotic stress.
Journal of Biological Chemistry · 2024-03-01
articleOpen accessThe global increase in human population has led to a rising demand for food. Agricultural quality and production are negatively affected by insects, pathogens, and weeds. While the use of fungicides and pesticides helps minimize disease-related losses, it has detrimental effects on the environment and contributes to the evolution of pesticide-resistant pests. Therefore, understanding the molecular and genetic aspects of plant defense is crucial for developing innovative strategies to enhance plant resistance to pests.
Genome editing of <i>NPR3</i> confers potato resistance to <i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter spp.
Plant Biotechnology Journal · 2024-05-22 · 16 citations
letterOpen accessCandidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (CLso) is a phloem-limited, fastidious bacterium associated with the potato (Solanum tuberosum) zebra chip disease. It is transmitted by the potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli Šulc.) and causes significant economic losses globally (Mora et al., 2021). Developing disease resistance by conventional breeding has shown limited success (Mora et al., 2022), thus necessitating new genetic engineering or genome editing approaches. In plants, non-expressor of pathogenesis-related (NPR) proteins act as receptors of the defence hormone, salicylic acid (SA). While NPR1 activates SA-mediated defences in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), its homologue, NPR3, negatively regulates SA defences. Expressing Arabidopsis NPR1 in sweet oranges (Citrus sinensis) and other crops enhances SA-mediated tolerance to multiple pathogens (Peng et al., 2021). Conversely, down-regulating NPR3 in Arabidopsis (Ding et al., 2018) and cacao (Theobroma cacao) (Fister et al., 2018) enhances resistance to bacterial and fungal pathogens, respectively. We previously showed that transiently down-regulating StNPR3 in potato hairy roots reduces CLso titer (Irigoyen et al., 2020). Here, we show that genome editing of StNPR3 confers potato resistance to CLso by activating SA-mediated defences and JA catabolism. To explore the StNPR3 function in potatoes, we identified a potato orthologue of NPR3 (NCBI# XM_006366563.2, Table S1) and designed a guide RNA targeting the first exon of the StNPR3 open reading frame (ORF) (Figure 1a,b). Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of potato (cv. Atlantic) was used to generate multiple StNPR3-edited lines. Based on amplicon sequencing, two independent lines were selected for further analyses. Line no. 1 is mono-allelic homozygous with an 8-bp deletion in all four alleles, and line no. 2 is bi-allelic heterozygous with a 6/7-bp deletion in two of the four alleles (Figure 1c). The edited StNPR3 ORFs are predicted to produce truncated NPR3 protein with partial BTB domain and lacking the Ankyrin-repeat and SA-binding core (Ding et al., 2018; Wang et al., 2020b). The StNPR3-edited lines exhibited no abnormal growth or development compared with vector control (VC, expressing Cas9 alone) plants. To evaluate disease resistance, plants were challenged with CLso (CLso+). Both StNPR3-edited lines showed reduced disease symptoms, while the VC exhibited prominent leaf chlorosis and wilted by 21 days post-infection (dpi) (Figure 1d). Freshly cut and fried chips from tubers from StNPR3-edited lines showed reduced discoloration compared with VC (Figure 1e–g). Quantitative PCR analysis revealed a significant reduction in CLso titer (>90%, P = 0.001) in StNPR3-edited lines (Figure 1h). Furthermore, expression of multiple defence-related marker genes (e.g., NPR1, WRKY6, PR1 and PR3) was higher in StNPR3-edited lines in uninfected and CLso-infected conditions (Figure 1i–l). Together, these results demonstrate that editing of StNPR3 enhanced potato resistance to CLso. We next examined the underlying mechanisms of tolerance of StNPR3 edited potato via transcriptomics and metabolomics. RNA sequencing of the StNPR3 edited lines at 7 and 14 dpi uncovered ~392 and ~427 commonly up-regulated genes, respectively. In comparison, ~410 and ~204 genes were commonly down-regulated at 7 and 14 dpi, respectively (Figure S1). Gene Ontology (GO)-based functional analysis of the DEGs revealed significant enrichment in biological processes such as biotic stress and defence responses (Figure 1m). Notably, several genes encoding ethylene response factors were down-regulated, suggesting a compromise of ethylene-mediated responses in the StNPR3-edited lines (Figure S2A) (Spoel et al., 2007). Among the biotic stress-related genes, oxylipin biosynthesis and JA catabolism enzymes, such as lipoxygenases (LOX2) and cytochrome P450s, respectively (Figure S2B; Zhang et al., 2023), were up-regulated. MapMan metabolite mapping of the DEGs also showed activation of several peroxidases, glutathione S-transferases and transcription factors belonging to WRKY, MADS, AP2 and bZIP families (Figure S3). Targeted LC–MS/MS analysis was performed to determine the levels of hormones and metabolites affected in the StNPR3-edited lines (Figure 1n). Levels of SA accumulated significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) in the StNPR3-edited lines compared with VC at the 7 and 14 dpi stages (Figure 1o). JA-Ile (the biologically active form of JA) was generally low or undetectable in most tissues (Figure 1p). Remarkably, JA-Ile catabolites (12OH-JA-Ile and 12COOH-JA-Ile) and several oxylipins with putative roles in plant defences (9-HOD, 13-HOD, 9-HOT, 13-HOT, 9-KOT and 13-KOT) (Wang et al., 2020a) were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher in the StNPR3-edited lines (Figures 1q,r and S4). In summary, we propose a working model that, in potatoes, knockdown or complete NPR3 removal activates SA signalling and resistance to CLso (Figure 1s). NPR3 removal also activates JA-Ile catabolism and turnover to avoid hyperactivation of JA defences concomitantly that could lead to unrestricted cell death. Our results underscore the critical role of potato NPR3 in regulating SA-JA homeostasis and present a strategy to attain disease resistance by disrupting its function with genome editing technology. This study was partially supported by funds from USDA-NIFA (2021-70029-36 056; HATCH TEX0-9621, TEX0-7790), Texas A&M AgriLife Research Insect-vectored Disease Seed Grants (124190-96210), and the Texas A&M AgriLife IAHA to KM. Metabolite analyses were partially supported by a USDA-NIFA grant (2021-67013-33568) to MVK. We thank D. Rossi, V. Mora, V. Garza and R. Mireles (Texas A&M AgriLife Research) for various technical assistance. All authors declare no competing interests. K.M. and M.V.K. designed and supervised the experiments. M.R., M.S.R., S.I., R.B. and K.B.-F. performed the experiments and analysed the data. All authors contributed to the preparation and review of the manuscript. The data that supports the findings of this study are available in the supplementary material of this article. Table S1 The StNPR3 genomic, coding, and protein sequences are based on the Phytozome, S. tuberosum (v4.03) genome. Table S2 List of primers used in this study. Figure S1 Co-differentially expressed genes among the two StNPR3-edited lines. Figure S2 Heat maps of up- and down-regulated genes in the StNPR3-edited lines. Figure S3 Pathway analysis of the differentially expressed genes in the StNPR3-edited lines. Figure S4 LC-MS/MS quantification of hormones and defense-related metabolites in StNPR3-edited lines during CLso infection. Method S1 Design of CRISPR-CAS9 gene constructs. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Preprints.org · 2024-02-27
preprintOpen access1st authorCorrespondingExtensive genome structure variation, such as copy number variations (CNVs) and presence/absence variations, is the basis for the remarkable maize genetic diversity; however, the effect of CNVs on maize herbivory defense remains largely underexplored. Here, we report that the naturally occurring duplication of the maize 9-lipoxygenase gene, ZmLOX5, leads to increased resistance of maize to herbivory by fall armyworms (FAW). Previously, we showed that ZmLOX5-derived oxylipins are required for defense against chewing insect herbivores and identified several inbred lines, including Yu796, that contained duplicated CNVs of ZmLOX5, referred to as Yu796-2×LOX5. To test whether introgression of the Yu796-2×LOX5 locus into the herbivore-susceptible B73 background that contains a single ZmLOX5 gene is a feasible approach to increase resistance, we generated a series of near-isogenic lines that contained either 2, 1 or 0 copies of the Yu796-2×LOX5 locus in the B73 background by six back crosses (BC6). Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) confirmed the successful introgression of the Yu796-2×LOX5 locus in B73. The resulting B73-2×LOX5 inbred line displayed increased resistance against FAW associated with increased expression of ZmLOX5, increased wound-induced production of its primary oxylipin product, the α-ketol, 9-hydroxy-10-oxo-12(Z),15(Z)-octadecadienoic acid (9,10-KODA), and the downstream defense hormones regulated by this molecule, 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (12-OPDA) and abscisic acid (ABA). Surprisingly, wound-induced JA-Ile production was not increased in B73-2×LOX5, resulting from the increased JA catabolism. Furthermore, B73-2×LOX5 displayed enhanced drought tolerance likely due to increased ABA and 12-OPDA content. Taken together, this study revealed that the duplicated CNV of ZmLOX5 quantitively contributes to maize antiherbivore defense and presents proof-of-concept evidence that the introgression of naturally occurring duplicated CNVs of a defensive gene into the productive, but susceptible, crop varieties is a feasible breeding approach for enhancing plant resistance to herbivory and tolerance to abiotic stress.
Plants · 2024-04-30 · 6 citations
articleOpen accessSenior authorCorrespondingSoil-borne Trichoderma spp. have been extensively studied for their biocontrol activities against pathogens and growth promotion ability in plants. However, the beneficial effect of Trichoderma on inducing resistance against insect herbivores has been underexplored. Among diverse Trichoderma species, consistent with previous reports, we showed that root colonization by T. virens triggered induced systemic resistance (ISR) to the leaf-infecting hemibiotrophic fungal pathogens Colletotrichum graminicola. Whether T. virens induces ISR to insect pests has not been tested before. In this study, we investigated whether T. virens affects jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis and defense against fall armyworm (FAW) and western corn rootworm (WCR). Unexpectedly, the results showed that T. virens colonization of maize seedlings grown in autoclaved soil suppressed wound-induced production of JA, resulting in reduced resistance to FAW. Similarly, the bacterial endophyte Pseudomonas chlororaphis 30-84 was found to suppress systemic resistance to FAW due to reduced JA. Further comparative analyses of the systemic effects of these endophytes when applied in sterile or non-sterile field soil showed that both T. virens and P. chlororaphis 30-84 triggered ISR against C. graminicola in both soil conditions, but only suppressed JA production and resistance to FAW in sterile soil, while no significant impact was observed when applied in non-sterile soil. In contrast to the effect on FAW defense, T. virens colonization of maize roots suppressed WCR larvae survival and weight gain. This is the first report suggesting the potential role of T. virens as a biocontrol agent against WCR.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY · 2024-12-10 · 5 citations
articleOpen accessSenior authorPlants emit an array of volatile organic compounds in response to stresses. Six-carbon green leaf volatiles (GLVs) and five-carbon pentyl leaf volatiles (PLVs) are fatty acid-derived compounds involved in intra- and inter-species communications. Unlike extensively studied GLVs, the biological activities of PLVs remain understudied. Maize (Zea mays L.) contains a unique monocot-specific lipoxygenase, ZmLOX6, that is unable to oxidize fatty acids and instead possesses a hydroperoxide lyase-like activity to specifically produce PLVs. Here, we show that disruption of ZmLOX6 reduced resistance to fall armyworm (FAW; Spodoptera frugiperda) and fungal pathogens Colletotrichum graminicola and Cochliobolus heterostrophus. Metabolite profiling revealed that reduced resistance to insects and pathogens was associated with decreased production of PLVs and ketols, including the better studied α-ketol, 9,10-KODA (9-hydroxy-10-oxo-12(Z)-octadecadienoic acid). Exogenous PLV and 9,10-KODA treatments rescued the resistance of lox6 mutants to FAW and the pathogens. Surprisingly, the susceptible-to-herbivory lox6 mutants produced greater levels of wound-induced jasmonates, suggesting potential substrate competition between JA and PLV pathway branches and highlighting a strong role of PLVs in defense against insects. Similarly, likely due to substrate competition between GLV and PLV synthesis pathways, in response to C. graminicola infection, lox6 mutants accumulated elevated levels of GLVs, which promote susceptibility to this pathogen. Mutation of the GLV-producing ZmLOX10 in the lox6 mutant background reversed the susceptibility to C. graminicola, unveiling the contrasting roles of PLVs and GLVs in resistance to this pathogen. Overall, this study uncovered a potent signaling role of PLVs in defense against insect herbivory and fungal pathogens with distinct lifestyles.
Recent grants
Oxylipin Mediated Crosstalk Governs Maize-Fungal Interactions
NSF · $521k · 2006–2009
NSF · $470k · 2009–2013
NSF · $492k · 2011–2015
Frequent coauthors
- 46 shared
Eli J. Borrego
Rochester Institute of Technology
- 27 shared
Pei‐Cheng Huang
Texas A&M University
- 20 shared
Shawn A. Christensen
Brigham Young University
- 18 shared
Xiquan Gao
Nanjing Agricultural University
- 17 shared
Yuanxin Yan
Nanjing Agricultural University
- 14 shared
Charles M. Kenerley
Texas A&M University
- 12 shared
Zachary Gorman
Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology
- 11 shared
Thomas Isakeit
Texas A&M University
Education
B.S., Genetics
Kyiv National University
M.S., Genetics
Kyiv National University
Ph.D., Horticulture
Iowa State University
Other
Department of Agronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia Disease Resistance Group
Other
Corteva (formerly Pioneer HiBred, Inc.)
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