About

B. Duncan X. Lascelles is a professor associated with the College of Veterinary Medicine at NC State University. The page does not provide specific details about his research focus, background, or key contributions.

Research topics

• Medicine
• Internal medicine
• Psychology
• Pathology
• Neuroscience
• Oncology
• Cognitive psychology
• Physical therapy
• Audiology
• Psychiatry
• Pediatrics
• Intensive care medicine
• Biology
• Surgery
• Bioinformatics
• Immunology
• Physical medicine and rehabilitation

Selected publications

• Cross-sectional associations of radiographic multiple joint osteoarthritis and symptoms, laboratory values and the gut microbiota: a multimodal study in humans and pet dogs

  UNC Libraries · 2025-12-12

  articleOpen access

  Objective To describe the frequency of multiple joint osteoarthritis (MJOA) and symptoms, and associations with fecal microbial diversity and composition, in cohorts of humans and dogs. Design Human participants enrolled in the community-based Johnston County Health Study (JoCoHS), and an independent cohort of pet dogs, were included. Questionnaires, functional assessments, standardized multiple joint radiographs, and pain assessments, blood and fecal samples were obtained. Microbiome analysis was done by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. MJOA was defined as ≥3 unique joint sites involved; symptom burden was based on self-reported/proxy measures of pain. Descriptive statistics and Spearman correlations with Benjamini-Hochberg correction were used to determine relationships among lab tests, pain, and microbiome diversity measures. Results Human participants (n=100, 63% women, mean age 56 years, mean body mass index 34 kg/m2) and 115 pet dogs (40% spayed females, 57% neutered males, mean age 8 years, mean weight 27 kg) were included; 20% had radiographic MJOA (rMJOA). Microbial α-diversity did not differ between participants with or without rMJOA. However, lower levels of the Christensenellaceae R-7 group and Lachnoclostridium in humans, and the butyrate-producing bacterium, Faecalibacterium in dogs, were moderately correlated with greater pain severity, as were higher levels of Escherichia-Shigella in dogs. Faecalibacterium was more abundant in humans without rMJOA. Conclusions These two cohorts demonstrated remarkably similar frequencies of rMJOA (∼20%), supporting the use of dogs to model naturally occurring MJOA. Taxa potentially related to rMJOA and pain were identified in this preliminary analysis, providing new insights into links between dysbiosis and MJOA.

  PublisherDOI

• A noninferiority trial evaluating the efficacy of bedinvetmab compared to grapiprant for osteoarthritis-pain in dogs using force plate gait analysis

  Research Square · 2025-09-17

  preprintOpen accessSenior author
  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• Early Postoperative Analgesic Evaluation of Intravenous Lidocaine Infusion or a Combination of Intraperitoneal and Incisional Lidocaine Splash in Female Dogs Undergoing Ovariohysterectomy

  Veterinary Sciences · 2025-11-24

  articleOpen access

  Combined intraperitoneal and incisional block provides effective perioperative analgesia but is limited in clinical practice. Intravenous lidocaine offers an alternative, although its analgesic efficacy remains controversial. This study compared the postoperative analgesic efficacy of lidocaine intravenous infusion with combined intraperitoneal and incisional lidocaine splash in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Thirty female dogs were randomized to intravenous infusion (IV), intraperitoneal and incisional splash (IP + SP), or control (C). Anesthesia included intramuscular acepromazine (0.03 mg/kg), intravenous propofol (4–6 mg/kg), isoflurane maintenance, and fentanyl (2 µg/kg) intravenous pre-incision. Group IV received intravenous lidocaine 2 mg/kg and then 50 μg/kg/min infusion. Group IP + SP received lidocaine 4 mg/kg intraperitoneally intraoperatively and 2 mg/kg as an incisional splash before skin closure. Controls received saline. Postoperative pain was assessed using the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale—Short Form and analyzed using a linear mixed model. At 60 min, pain scores were 1.2 ± 0.4 (IP + SP), 1.6 ± 0.7 (IV), and 3.0 ± 2.8 (C) and at 120 min 1.3 ± 0.5, 1.4 ± 0.7, and 2.3 ± 0.8, respectively. Both treatments had significantly lower scores than controls (p = 0.004); IV and IP + SP did not differ. Therefore, intravenous lidocaine infusion may be an option for early postoperative analgesia in canine ovariohysterectomy.

  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• Factors influencing, and associated with, physical activity patterns in dogs with osteoarthritis-associated pain

  Frontiers in Veterinary Science · 2025-03-19 · 5 citations

  articleOpen accessSenior authorCorresponding

  Background: Accelerometry can be used to measure physical activity and is a validated objective measure for evaluating the impact of osteoarthritis (OA) pain in companion animals. However, several factors other than OA pain can affect physical activity in dogs, and relatively little is understood about their influence. Functional linear modeling (FLM) is an approach for analyzing and visualizing high-frequency longitudinal data such as physical activity and can be used to assess the influence of factors on activity patterns. This study aimed to use FLM to investigate the effect of various factors on physical activity patterns in a cohort of dogs with OA pain. Methods: Ninety-nine client-owned dogs with radiographic and clinical evidence of OA were fitted with a collar-based activity monitor (Actigraph GT3X). Average vector magnitudes were recorded once per minute over 7 days and averaged to create 24-h, per-minute activity profiles for each dog. Demographic information, owner completed OA Clinical Metrology Instruments (Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs and Canine Brief Pain Inventory), and veterinary examination findings (joint pain, muscle atrophy) were collected. Data were analyzed using FLM and a custom R package to evaluate the effect of each factor on 24-h patterns of physical activity. Results: At times of peak activity within a 24-h period, dogs with hindlimb OA pain, higher age, higher Clinical Metrology Instrument scores, higher joint pain, greater Body Condition Score and greater muscle atrophy all had decreased activity profiles. However, only age, hindlimb joint pain, and hindlimb muscle atrophy had statistically significant effects on physical activity. Conclusions and clinical relevance: Several factors influence activity patterns in dogs with OA pain. Understanding what and how factors influence patterns in dogs with OA pain will help refine the usage of physical activity as an objective outcome measure in clinical pain studies.

  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• Quantitative sensory testing in dogs with spontaneous osteoarthritis

  Frontiers in Pain Research · 2025-04-14 · 1 citations

  articleOpen accessCorresponding

  Objective: To investigate changes in somatosensory sensitivity in dogs with spontaneous osteoarthritis (OA) and pain of the stifle or hip, compared to a group of healthy control dogs. Study design: A non-randomised, non-blinded, prospective research study. Animals: 30 control, 51 OA-pain, and 31 OA-pain dogs receiving NSAIDs. Methods: A range of noxious and non-noxious quantitative sensory testing (QST) modalities were applied. Dogs were tested twice, one month apart. Two sites were tested at each visit: a distal site located on the cranial aspect of the mid metatarsus and a primary site, lateral to the patella (in dogs with stifle OA) or craniodorsally to the greater trochanter (in dogs with coxofemoral OA). Control dogs were tested at appropriate primary sites to produce the same proportion of animals being tested at stifle or hip as those in the OA group. The order in which non-nociceptive and nociceptive tests were performed was randomized for each test site for each animal, although nociceptive tests were always performed after non-nociceptive tests. Feasibility for performing the tests was assessed for the final 45 dogs recruited to the study. The hierarchical structure of the QST testing data was accounted for within the statistical analysis by employing general linear modelling within a multilevel modelling framework using the MLwiN statistics package. Results: Osteoarthritis category was not a major determinant of QST outcome measures for the majority of modalities evaluated. In the few modalities in which OA category was determined to be a significant predictor variable, the results were not consistent with previously reported data. The novel, non-nociceptive tests employed overall suggested non-noxious hypoesthesia in association with OA pain. The feasibility of performing QST assessments was relatively low compared to previous studies. Conclusions: and clinical relevance: In a clinical environment, the variability in feasibility of performing QST between dogs may be sufficient to confound changes in QST outcome measures associated with spontaneous OA.

  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• A randomised, parallel-group clinical trial comparing bedinvetmab to meloxicam for the management of canine osteoarthritis

  Frontiers in Veterinary Science · 2025-03-24 · 7 citations

  articleOpen access

  Bedinvetmab (Librela ® ), a fully canine anti-nerve growth factor monoclonal antibody, was compared to the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) meloxicam in dogs for the management of osteoarthritis-related pain in a randomised, open-label, multicentre, parallel-group study. Subjects were recruited from general practices as client-owned dogs with appendicular osteoarthritis. Dogs were block randomised 1:1 to either daily oral meloxicam or bedinvetmab, administered subcutaneously once a month. The primary endpoint for efficacy was the change from baseline in the Canine Orthopaedic Index (COI) score. Linear mixed-effects models were used for statistical analysis conducted on a per-protocol and intent-to-treat basis. We hypothesised that bedinvetmab would demonstrate superior efficacy and safety compared to meloxicam; the number needed to harm (NNH) for meloxicam, relative to bedinvetmab, was calculated. Of the 190 screened dogs, 101 were randomised (bedinvetmab 52; meloxicam 49). Overall, both treatment groups showed a significant reduction in COI scores relative to baseline ( p < 0.001). The bedinvetmab group experienced a larger mean reduction in COI scores, but this was not statistically significant. A significant effect of the visit was observed, with later visits showing a significantly greater reduction in COI compared to Visit 2 ( p < 0.001). The bedinvetmab group reported four (AEs), whilst the meloxicam group reported 17, with nine of those being gastrointestinal system disorders. Additionally, more dogs in the bedinvetmab group completed the study ( n = 44) compared to those in the meloxicam group ( n = 33). This is the first study to compare bedinvetmab to an NSAID for the management of osteoarthritis-related pain in dogs. The results suggest that both products are equally effective in managing OA pain, with efficacy improving over time for both treatments. Bedinvetmab was associated with fewer AEs. These data will aid clinicians and pet owners in choosing analgesic options for dogs with osteoarthritis.

  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• Comparison of lidocaine incisional block techniques on early postoperative pain scores in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy

  Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia · 2025-04-17 · 1 citations

  articleOpen access

  OBJECTIVE: To compare postoperative pain scores following lidocaine incisional block techniques (infiltration versus splash methods) with an intraperitoneal splash block in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, double-blinded, clinical study. ANIMALS: A total of 30 client-owned female dogs. METHODS: plus equal volume of saline, final dilution of 1%), with injection into subcutaneous tissues along in the incision. Group SP was administered an incisional splash of lidocaine on the subcutaneous tissues before skin closure. Both techniques were performed in each group, lidocaine for the designated treatment and saline for the other. Postoperative physiological variables were measured and pain was evaluated using the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale-Short Form (CMPS-SF) at 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after extubation. Data were statistically analyzed using a linear mixed model with Bonferroni correction. RESULTS: At 120 minutes after extubation, CMPS-SF pain scores were significantly lower in group SP than in group INC (1.9 ± 0.9 versus 2.9 ± 0.9, p = 0.002; mean ± standard deviation). However, pain scores in both groups were below the intervention threshold for rescue. No dogs required rescue analgesia. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Both lidocaine incisional infiltration and splash, combined with intraperitoneal splash, provided effective analgesia for up to 2 hours postoperatively in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Lidocaine incisional splash is recommended as a simpler technique associated with lower pain scores.

  PublisherDOI

• Global pharmacovigilance reporting of the first monoclonal antibody for canine osteoarthritis: a case study with bedinvetmab (Librela™)

  Frontiers in Veterinary Science · 2025-04-24 · 13 citations

  articleOpen accessSenior author

  Introduction: Continuous product monitoring post approval builds on the knowledge gained during clinical studies to aid in understanding a product's safety and efficacy profile. Pharmacovigilance reporting of a medicinal product might be influenced by several factors including duration in the market, geographical region and veterinary practices. The goals of this report are to present the global data accrued for bedinvetmab, the first monoclonal antibody for canine osteoarthritis, and to explore reporting patterns globally and across major markets. Methods: Adverse event reports from the Zoetis Global Pharmacovigilance database (from first introduction on 01 February 2021 through 30 June 2024) were collected irrespective of suspected causality or off-label use. Each adverse event was coded using the Veterinary Dictionary for Drug Related Affairs (VeDDRA) terminology. The top 20 most reported VeDDRA terms were identified. Countries were ranked by number of doses distributed and frequency of adverse events. Results: Globally, 18,102,535 doses of bedinvetmab were sold during the study period with a total of 17,162 adverse events reported in dogs (9.48 events/10,000 treated animals (doses)). Eight clinical signs were considered rare (1-10 events/10,000 treated animals (doses)) with lack of efficacy having the highest rate (1.70) followed by polydipsia, ataxia, polyuria/pollakiuria, anorexia, lethargy, death, and emesis. All other clinical signs were considered very rare (< 1 event/10,000 treated animals (doses)). Median (interquartile range) of dogs' age and body weight were 12 (10-13) years and 26 (16-34.6) kg, respectively. The top eight countries by market size were United States (US), United Kingdom (UK), Germany, Spain, France, Italy, Canada, and Australia; from these, the top five by frequency of adverse events were Canada, US, UK, Australia and Germany. The most reported adverse events following bedinvetmab are considered rare or very rare. Discussion: The reported clinical signs generally aligned with expected adverse events or were anticipated within the population receiving bedinvetmab. Reporting rates and patterns in general and for specific VeDDRA terms greatly varied between countries and were not related to market size. Most dogs for which adverse events were reported were considered older and in fair clinical condition. Reporting to pharmacovigilance contributes to the understanding of the safety profile of a medicinal product.

  PublisherOA PDFDOI

• Inflammation, Intestinal Permeability, and Microbiome Diversity: Uncovering Systemic Drivers of Multiple Joint Osteoarthritis

  Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · 2025-04-01

  article
  PublisherDOI

• Advancing outcome measure development and analytical approaches: Pain in Animals Workshop 2023

  Frontiers in Pain Research · 2025-08-21

  reviewOpen access1st authorCorresponding

  Annually, millions of humans and animals suffer from chronic and acute pain, creating welfare and quality of life concerns for both humans and animals who suffer this pain. In developing new therapeutic approaches, the challenge is to accurately measure this pain to ascertain the efficacy of novel therapeutics. Additionally, there is a need to develop new and effective analgesic options that may offer alternatives to using opioids that contribute to the opioid epidemic. The Pain in Animals Workshop (PAW) meetings are held every other year in partnership with the National Institutes of Health (NIH), bringing key stakeholders together to understand pain in humans and animals better. The 2023 workshop focused on presenting and discussing updates on validated approaches to measuring pain, highlighting opportunity areas for additional outcome measure development. It also discussed study design and analytic approaches to the use of outcome measures in clinical trials, including the important concepts of success-failure approaches and the application of multiple endpoints in evaluating analgesic therapies. The workshop also introduced the concept of the biopsychosocial model of pain, broadening the conversation around the impact of pain and thus opportunities to modulate the pain experience. The application of artificial intelligence to the measurement of pain was introduced. The workshop brought together academia, government, and industry experts in human and animal pain assessment and analgesic intervention development. Given the topic's importance and the meeting's uniqueness, capturing the thoughts and ideas presented and discussed is critical. This narrative is one product from that meeting, summarizing several presentations from the workshop.

  PublisherOA PDFDOI

Frequent coauthors

• Margaret E. Gruen

  North Carolina State University

  93 shared

• Masataka Enomoto

  North Carolina State University

  65 shared

• Andrea Thomson

  North Carolina State University

  45 shared

• Emily H. Griffith

  44 shared

• Dávid Kňazovický

  North Carolina State University

  39 shared

• Simon C. Roe

  North Carolina State University

  38 shared

• Beth Case

  MedStar Washington Hospital Center

  33 shared

• Jonathan Hash

  North Carolina State University

  28 shared

Education

• PhD, School of Medicine

  University of Bristol

  1995

• BVSc, School of Veterinary Medicine

  University of Bristol

  1991

Awards & honors

• Fellow of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons
• Diplomate, American College of Veterinary Surgeons
• Diploma of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons
• Dr. J. McNeely and Lynne K. DuBose Distinguished Professor o…